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2026-04-07 0001964664 orhl:DeterminationLetterMember 2025-12-31 0001964664 orhl:DeterminationLetterMember 2025-01-01 2025-12-31 shares iso4217:USD iso4217:USD shares pure orhl:segments iso4217:CNY orhl:Years iso4217:HKD iso4217:HKD shares orhl:milliunits utr:sqm 20-F false true 2025-12-31 --12-31 2025 false false 001-42371 ORIENTAL RISE HOLDINGS LIMITED E9 No. 48 Xianyu RoadShuangcheng Town No. 48 Xianyu RoadShuangcheng Town Zherong CountyNingde City Zherong CountyNingde City CN CN 355399 355399 Bangjie Hu, Chief Financial Officer +86 (0) 593 8386777 hubangjie@mdhtea.cn Ordinary Shares ORIS NASDAQ No No Yes Yes Non-accelerated Filer true true false false U.S. GAAP false true <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><b>Cybersecurity Risk Management and Strategy</b></p><p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in">To maintain a consistently high level of service experience for our clients, preserve the confidentiality, integrity, and availability of our information systems, safeguard our assets, data, intellectual property, and network infrastructure, while meeting regulatory requirements, it is crucial to effectively manage cybersecurity risks. To achieve this, we have implemented a comprehensive cybersecurity risk management framework, which is integrated in our overall enterprise risk management system and processes and is internally managed.</p><p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in">Our dedicated cybersecurity staff is tasked with assessing, identifying and managing risks related to cybersecurity threats and, under the leadership of our head of cybersecurity, is responsible for</p><table cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; width: 100%; border-spacing: 0px;"><tr style="vertical-align: top; text-align: justify"> <td style="width: 0.25in"></td><td style="width: 0.25in; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">●</span></td><td style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">risk assessments designed to help identify material cybersecurity risks to our critical systems, information, products, services, and our broader enterprise IT environment;</span></td> </tr></table><table cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; width: 100%; border-spacing: 0px;"><tr style="vertical-align: top; text-align: justify"> <td style="width: 0.25in"></td><td style="width: 0.25in; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">●</span></td><td style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">development of risk-based action plans to manage identified vulnerabilities and implementation of new protocols and infrastructure improvements;</span></td> </tr></table><table cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; width: 100%; border-spacing: 0px;"><tr style="vertical-align: top; text-align: justify"> <td style="width: 0.25in"></td><td style="width: 0.25in; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">●</span></td><td style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">cybersecurity incident investigations;</span></td> </tr></table><table cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; width: 100%; border-spacing: 0px;"><tr style="vertical-align: top; text-align: justify"> <td style="width: 0.25in"></td><td style="width: 0.25in; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">●</span></td><td style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">monitoring threats to sensitive data and unauthorized access to our systems;</span></td> </tr></table><table cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; width: 100%; border-spacing: 0px;"><tr style="vertical-align: top; text-align: justify"> <td style="width: 0.25in"></td><td style="width: 0.25in; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">●</span></td><td style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">secure access control measures applied to critical IT systems, equipment and devices, designed to prevent unauthorized users, processes, and devices from assessing IT systems and data;</span></td> </tr></table><table cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; width: 100%; border-spacing: 0px;"><tr style="vertical-align: top; text-align: justify"> <td style="width: 0.25in"></td><td style="width: 0.25in; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">●</span></td><td style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">developing and executing protocols to ensure that information regarding cybersecurity incidents is promptly shared with the board of directors, as appropriate, to allow for risk and materiality assessments and to consider disclosure and notice requirements; and</span></td> </tr></table><table cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; width: 100%; border-spacing: 0px;"><tr style="vertical-align: top; text-align: justify"> <td style="width: 0.25in"></td><td style="width: 0.25in; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">●</span></td><td style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">developing and implementing training on cybersecurity, information security and threat awareness.</span></td> </tr></table><p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in">There were no cybersecurity incidents during the year ended December 31, 2023, that resulted in an interruption to our operations, known losses of any critical data or otherwise had a material impact on our strategy, financial condition or results of operations. However, the scope and impact of any future incident cannot be predicted. See “Item 3. Key Information - D. Risk Factors” for more information on how material cybersecurity attacks may impact our business.</p> To achieve this, we have implemented a comprehensive cybersecurity risk management framework, which is integrated in our overall enterprise risk management system and processes and is internally managed. To achieve this, we have implemented a comprehensive cybersecurity risk management framework, which is integrated in our overall enterprise risk management system and processes and is internally managed. true false The board of directors receives reports on cybersecurity risks, including recent legislative developments and evolving standards on cybersecurity, key issues, priorities and challenges in our cybersecurity management, and relevant data or metrics. Our head of cybersecurity leads the overall assessment, identification and management of risks related to cybersecurity threats. He works collaboratively within our Group and receives regular briefings on cybersecurity matters, such as report on cybersecurity incidents and responses and remedial measures <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt -0.25in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><b>Opinion on the Consolidated Financial Statements</b></p><p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in">We have audited the accompanying consolidated statements of financial position of Oriental Rise Holdings Limited (a Cayman Islands exempted company with limited liability) and its subsidiaries (the “Company”) as of December 31, 2025 and 2024, the related consolidated statements of operations, comprehensive income, changes in equity and cash flows for each of the years in the three-year period ended December 31, 2025, and the related notes (collectively referred to as the “consolidated financial statements”). In our opinion, the consolidated financial statements present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of the Company as of December 31, 2025 and 2024, and the results of its operations and its cash flows for each of the years in the three-year period ended December 31, 2025, in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America.</p> PKF Littlejohn LLP 2814 London, United Kingdom 43015000 48412000 681000 762000 1869000 2279000 1000 687000 45566000 52140000 25691000 25771000 103000 2345000 164000 151000 596000 738000 26554000 29005000 72120000 81145000 143000 28000 12000 357000 643000 1422000 1642000 17000 19000 13000 156000 1837000 2615000 179000 168000 179000 168000 2016000 2783000 0.016 6250000 1100625 1100625 0.016 6125000 4206788 4206788 0.016 125000 125000 125000 18000 69000 3210000 3210000 11745000 16305000 64707000 65388000 -5695000 -2729000 2539000 2539000 70104000 78362000 72120000 81145000 24122000 15014000 12219000 11338000 11084000 10905000 12784000 3930000 1314000 73000 438000 150000 1305000 1412000 2066000 1378000 1850000 2216000 11406000 2080000 -902000 126000 73000 107000 -1673000 149000 150000 15000 11383000 2003000 863000 -118000 -85000 182000 11501000 2088000 681000 19.17 19.17 3.36 3.36 0.34 600000 620532 2006185 600000 620532 2006185 11501000 2088000 681000 -1152000 -1912000 2966000 -1152000 -1912000 2966000 10349000 176000 3647000 10000 -10000 1667000 -2631000 1000 2291000 247000 51118000 52693000 6000 -3200000 3194000 -1152000 11501000 10349000 16000 -3210000 4861000 -3783000 1000 2291000 247000 62619000 63042000 2000 6884000 6886000 -1912000 2088000 176000 18000 -3210000 11745000 -5695000 1000 2291000 247000 64707000 70104000 2000 2000 12000 709000 721000 37000 3851000 3888000 2966000 681000 3647000 69000 -3210000 16305000 -2729000 1000 2291000 247000 65388000 78362000 11501000 2088000 681000 -118000 -85000 182000 1111000 1108000 1191000 1673000 12494000 3111000 381000 106000 -91000 319000 95000 -233000 50000 5000 -8000 679000 28000 -16000 425000 -159000 274000 -16000 -14000 -17000 -146000 -148000 -157000 12551000 3150000 -583000 1763000 258000 2397000 -1763000 -258000 -2397000 141000 139000 139000 8050000 1166000 6926000 643000 609000 334000 220000 750000 7079000 6642000 11538000 9971000 3662000 23174000 34166000 43015000 -546000 -1122000 1735000 34166000 43015000 48412000 146000 148000 157000 136000 137000 3000 <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt -0.25in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><b>1. Description of Business</b></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"> </p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in">Oriental Rise Holdings Limited (the “Company”) was incorporated and registered on 25 January 2019 in the Cayman Islands as an exempted company with limited liability under the Companies Act (As Revised), Cap. 22 of the Cayman Islands. The registered office of the Company is Cricket Square, Hutchins Drive, P.O. Box 2681, Grand Cayman, KY1-1111, Cayman Islands. On 17 October 2024, the Company completed the initial public offering (“IPO”) on the Nasdaq Stock Exchange (stock code: ORIS).</p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"> </p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in">The Company’s ultimate holding company is PLENTIFUL THRIVING LIMITED (“Plentiful Thriving”), a company incorporated in the British Virgin Islands (“BVI”). Plentiful Thriving is controlled by Mr. CHUN SUN WONG (“Mr. Wong”). Plentiful Thriving and Mr. Wong are referred to as the controlling shareholder.</p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"> </p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in">The Company is an investment holding company. The Company and its wholly-owned subsidiaries now comprising the Group are principally engaged in production and trading of primarily-processed teas and refined teas in the People’s Republic of China (“PRC”). Details of the Company’s wholly-owned subsidiaries are set out in below:</p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"> </p> <table cellpadding="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-spacing: 0px;"> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: center; font-weight: bold; vertical-align: bottom"> </td> <td style="vertical-align: bottom; font-weight: bold; text-align: center">Place of</td><td style="text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom"> </td> <td style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: center"> </td><td style="text-align: center; font-weight: bold; vertical-align: bottom"> </td> <td style="vertical-align: bottom; font-weight: bold; text-align: center">Issued and</td><td style="text-align: center; font-weight: bold; vertical-align: bottom"> </td> <td colspan="5" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; vertical-align: bottom; font-weight: bold; text-align: center">Percentage of ownership<br/> interest/voting power/profit sharing</td><td style="text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom"> </td> <td style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: center"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: center; font-weight: bold; vertical-align: bottom"> </td> <td style="vertical-align: bottom; font-weight: bold; text-align: center">incorporation <br/> and</td><td style="text-align: center; font-weight: bold; vertical-align: bottom"> </td> <td style="vertical-align: bottom; font-weight: bold; text-align: center">Date of <br/> incorporation/</td><td style="text-align: center; font-weight: bold; vertical-align: bottom"> </td> <td style="vertical-align: bottom; font-weight: bold; text-align: center">paid up <br/> capital/registered</td><td style="text-align: center; font-weight: bold; vertical-align: bottom"> </td> <td colspan="3" style="vertical-align: bottom; font-weight: bold; text-align: center">As of <br/> December 31</td><td style="text-align: center; font-weight: bold; vertical-align: bottom"> </td> <td style="vertical-align: bottom; font-weight: bold; text-align: center">At of date<br/> of this</td><td style="text-align: center; font-weight: bold; vertical-align: bottom"> </td> <td style="vertical-align: bottom; font-weight: bold; text-align: center">Principal</td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left; font-weight: bold; vertical-align: bottom">Name</td><td style="text-align: center; font-weight: bold; vertical-align: bottom"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; vertical-align: bottom; font-weight: bold; text-align: center">operation</td><td style="text-align: center; font-weight: bold; vertical-align: bottom"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; vertical-align: bottom; font-weight: bold; text-align: center">establishment</td><td style="text-align: center; font-weight: bold; vertical-align: bottom"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; vertical-align: bottom; font-weight: bold; text-align: center">capital</td><td style="text-align: center; font-weight: bold; vertical-align: bottom"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; vertical-align: bottom; font-weight: bold; text-align: center">2024</td><td style="text-align: center; font-weight: bold; vertical-align: bottom"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; vertical-align: bottom; font-weight: bold; text-align: center">2025</td><td style="text-align: center; font-weight: bold; vertical-align: bottom"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; vertical-align: bottom; font-weight: bold; text-align: center">report</td><td style="text-align: center; font-weight: bold; vertical-align: bottom"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; vertical-align: bottom; font-weight: bold; text-align: center">activities</td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="vertical-align: top; width: 22%; text-align: left; text-indent: -9pt; padding-left: 9pt">Wisdom Navigation Limited (“Wisdom Navigation”)</td><td style="width: 1%"> </td> <td style="vertical-align: top; width: 10%; text-align: center">BVI</td><td style="width: 1%"> </td> <td style="vertical-align: top; width: 12%; text-align: center">15 November 2018</td><td style="width: 1%"> </td> <td style="vertical-align: top; width: 10%; text-align: center">USD100/ <br/> USD50,000</td><td style="width: 1%"> </td> <td style="vertical-align: top; width: 7%; text-align: center">100%</td><td style="text-align: center; width: 1%; vertical-align: top"> </td> <td style="vertical-align: top; width: 7%; text-align: center">100%</td><td style="text-align: center; width: 1%; vertical-align: top"> </td> <td style="vertical-align: top; width: 7%; text-align: center">100%</td><td style="width: 1%"> </td> <td style="vertical-align: top; width: 18%; text-align: center">Investment holding</td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; "> <td style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left; text-indent: -9pt; padding-left: 9pt">East Asia Enterprise Limited</td><td> </td> <td style="vertical-align: top; text-align: center">Hong Kong</td><td> </td> <td style="vertical-align: top; text-align: center">8 October 2012</td><td> </td> <td style="vertical-align: top; text-align: center">HK$10,000/ <br/> HK$10,000</td><td> </td> <td style="vertical-align: top; text-align: center">100%</td><td style="text-align: center; vertical-align: top"> </td> <td style="vertical-align: top; text-align: center">100%</td><td style="text-align: center; vertical-align: top"> </td> <td style="vertical-align: top; text-align: center">100%</td><td> </td> <td style="vertical-align: top; text-align: center">Investment holding</td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left; text-indent: -9pt; padding-left: 9pt">福建閩東紅茶業科技有限公司 Fujian Min Dong Hong Tea Industrial Technical Company Limited*</td><td> </td> <td style="vertical-align: top; text-align: center">PRC</td><td> </td> <td style="vertical-align: top; text-align: center">24 May 2013</td><td> </td> <td style="vertical-align: top; text-align: center">HK$29,670,000/ <br/> HK$35,000,000</td><td> </td> <td style="vertical-align: top; text-align: center">100%</td><td style="text-align: center; vertical-align: top"> </td> <td style="vertical-align: top; text-align: center">100%</td><td style="text-align: center; vertical-align: top"> </td> <td style="vertical-align: top; text-align: center">100%</td><td> </td> <td style="vertical-align: top; text-align: center">Sales of refined teas</td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; "> <td style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left; text-indent: -9pt; padding-left: 9pt">福建省青菁農業綜合開發有限公司 Fujian Qing Jing Agricultural Development Company Limited*</td><td> </td> <td style="vertical-align: top; text-align: center">PRC</td><td> </td> <td style="vertical-align: top; text-align: center">26 May 2008</td><td> </td> <td style="vertical-align: top; text-align: center">RMB 3,060,000/ <br/> RMB 3,060,000</td><td> </td> <td style="vertical-align: top; text-align: center">100%</td><td style="text-align: center; vertical-align: top"> </td> <td style="vertical-align: top; text-align: center">100%</td><td style="text-align: center; vertical-align: top"> </td> <td style="vertical-align: top; text-align: center">100%</td><td> </td> <td style="vertical-align: top; text-align: center">Processing of tea leaves and wholesale primarily- processed teas</td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left; text-indent: -9pt; padding-left: 9pt">深圳市閩東紅科技有限公司 Shenzhen Min Dong Hong Tea Industrial Technical Company Limited*</td><td> </td> <td style="vertical-align: top; text-align: center">PRC</td><td> </td> <td style="vertical-align: top; text-align: center">3 April 2025</td><td> </td> <td style="vertical-align: top; text-align: center"><div style="-sec-ix-hidden: hidden-fact-67">RMB Nil/ <br/> RMB 5,000,000</div></td><td> </td> <td style="vertical-align: top; text-align: center"><div style="-sec-ix-hidden: hidden-fact-68">-</div></td><td style="text-align: center; vertical-align: top"> </td> <td style="vertical-align: top; text-align: center">100%</td><td style="text-align: center; vertical-align: top"> </td> <td style="vertical-align: top; text-align: center">100%</td><td> </td> <td style="vertical-align: top; text-align: center">Dormant</td></tr> </table> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"> </p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">Notes:</p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.25in; text-align: justify; text-indent: -0.25in"> </p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.25in; text-align: justify; text-indent: -0.25in">All companies now comprising the Group have adopted December 31 as their financial year end date.</p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.25in; text-align: justify; text-indent: -0.25in"> </p> <table cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; width: 100%; border-spacing: 0px;"><tr style="vertical-align: top; text-align: justify"> <td style="width: 0in"></td><td style="width: 0.25in; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i>*:</i></span></td><td style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i>The English names of these companies represent the best effort made by the directors of the Company to translate the Chinese names as these companies have not been registered with any official English names.</i></span></td> </tr></table> 2019-01-25 The Company and its wholly-owned subsidiaries now comprising the Group are principally engaged in production and trading of primarily-processed teas and refined teas in the People’s Republic of China (“PRC”). Details of the Company’s wholly-owned subsidiaries are set out in below:<table cellpadding="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-spacing: 0px;"> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: center; font-weight: bold; vertical-align: bottom"> </td> <td style="vertical-align: bottom; font-weight: bold; text-align: center">Place of</td><td style="text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom"> </td> <td style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: center"> </td><td style="text-align: center; font-weight: bold; vertical-align: bottom"> </td> <td style="vertical-align: bottom; font-weight: bold; text-align: center">Issued and</td><td style="text-align: center; font-weight: bold; vertical-align: bottom"> </td> <td colspan="5" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; vertical-align: bottom; font-weight: bold; text-align: center">Percentage of ownership<br/> interest/voting power/profit sharing</td><td style="text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom"> </td> <td style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: center"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: center; font-weight: bold; vertical-align: bottom"> </td> <td style="vertical-align: bottom; font-weight: bold; text-align: center">incorporation <br/> and</td><td style="text-align: center; font-weight: bold; vertical-align: bottom"> </td> <td style="vertical-align: bottom; font-weight: bold; text-align: center">Date of <br/> incorporation/</td><td style="text-align: center; font-weight: bold; vertical-align: bottom"> </td> <td style="vertical-align: bottom; font-weight: bold; text-align: center">paid up <br/> capital/registered</td><td style="text-align: center; font-weight: bold; vertical-align: bottom"> </td> <td colspan="3" style="vertical-align: bottom; font-weight: bold; text-align: center">As of <br/> December 31</td><td style="text-align: center; font-weight: bold; vertical-align: bottom"> </td> <td style="vertical-align: bottom; font-weight: bold; text-align: center">At of date<br/> of this</td><td style="text-align: center; font-weight: bold; vertical-align: bottom"> </td> <td style="vertical-align: bottom; font-weight: bold; text-align: center">Principal</td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left; font-weight: bold; vertical-align: bottom">Name</td><td style="text-align: center; font-weight: bold; vertical-align: bottom"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; vertical-align: bottom; font-weight: bold; text-align: center">operation</td><td style="text-align: center; font-weight: bold; vertical-align: bottom"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; vertical-align: bottom; font-weight: bold; text-align: center">establishment</td><td style="text-align: center; font-weight: bold; vertical-align: bottom"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; vertical-align: bottom; font-weight: bold; text-align: center">capital</td><td style="text-align: center; font-weight: bold; vertical-align: bottom"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; vertical-align: bottom; font-weight: bold; text-align: center">2024</td><td style="text-align: center; font-weight: bold; vertical-align: bottom"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; vertical-align: bottom; font-weight: bold; text-align: center">2025</td><td style="text-align: center; font-weight: bold; vertical-align: bottom"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; vertical-align: bottom; font-weight: bold; text-align: center">report</td><td style="text-align: center; font-weight: bold; vertical-align: bottom"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; vertical-align: bottom; font-weight: bold; text-align: center">activities</td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="vertical-align: top; width: 22%; text-align: left; text-indent: -9pt; padding-left: 9pt">Wisdom Navigation Limited (“Wisdom Navigation”)</td><td style="width: 1%"> </td> <td style="vertical-align: top; width: 10%; text-align: center">BVI</td><td style="width: 1%"> </td> <td style="vertical-align: top; width: 12%; text-align: center">15 November 2018</td><td style="width: 1%"> </td> <td style="vertical-align: top; width: 10%; text-align: center">USD100/ <br/> USD50,000</td><td style="width: 1%"> </td> <td style="vertical-align: top; width: 7%; text-align: center">100%</td><td style="text-align: center; width: 1%; vertical-align: top"> </td> <td style="vertical-align: top; width: 7%; text-align: center">100%</td><td style="text-align: center; width: 1%; vertical-align: top"> </td> <td style="vertical-align: top; width: 7%; text-align: center">100%</td><td style="width: 1%"> </td> <td style="vertical-align: top; width: 18%; text-align: center">Investment holding</td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; "> <td style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left; text-indent: -9pt; padding-left: 9pt">East Asia Enterprise Limited</td><td> </td> <td style="vertical-align: top; text-align: center">Hong Kong</td><td> </td> <td style="vertical-align: top; text-align: center">8 October 2012</td><td> </td> <td style="vertical-align: top; text-align: center">HK$10,000/ <br/> HK$10,000</td><td> </td> <td style="vertical-align: top; text-align: center">100%</td><td style="text-align: center; vertical-align: top"> </td> <td style="vertical-align: top; text-align: center">100%</td><td style="text-align: center; vertical-align: top"> </td> <td style="vertical-align: top; text-align: center">100%</td><td> </td> <td style="vertical-align: top; text-align: center">Investment holding</td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left; text-indent: -9pt; padding-left: 9pt">福建閩東紅茶業科技有限公司 Fujian Min Dong Hong Tea Industrial Technical Company Limited*</td><td> </td> <td style="vertical-align: top; text-align: center">PRC</td><td> </td> <td style="vertical-align: top; text-align: center">24 May 2013</td><td> </td> <td style="vertical-align: top; text-align: center">HK$29,670,000/ <br/> HK$35,000,000</td><td> </td> <td style="vertical-align: top; text-align: center">100%</td><td style="text-align: center; vertical-align: top"> </td> <td style="vertical-align: top; text-align: center">100%</td><td style="text-align: center; vertical-align: top"> </td> <td style="vertical-align: top; text-align: center">100%</td><td> </td> <td style="vertical-align: top; text-align: center">Sales of refined teas</td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; "> <td style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left; text-indent: -9pt; padding-left: 9pt">福建省青菁農業綜合開發有限公司 Fujian Qing Jing Agricultural Development Company Limited*</td><td> </td> <td style="vertical-align: top; text-align: center">PRC</td><td> </td> <td style="vertical-align: top; text-align: center">26 May 2008</td><td> </td> <td style="vertical-align: top; text-align: center">RMB 3,060,000/ <br/> RMB 3,060,000</td><td> </td> <td style="vertical-align: top; text-align: center">100%</td><td style="text-align: center; vertical-align: top"> </td> <td style="vertical-align: top; text-align: center">100%</td><td style="text-align: center; vertical-align: top"> </td> <td style="vertical-align: top; text-align: center">100%</td><td> </td> <td style="vertical-align: top; text-align: center">Processing of tea leaves and wholesale primarily- processed teas</td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left; text-indent: -9pt; padding-left: 9pt">深圳市閩東紅科技有限公司 Shenzhen Min Dong Hong Tea Industrial Technical Company Limited*</td><td> </td> <td style="vertical-align: top; text-align: center">PRC</td><td> </td> <td style="vertical-align: top; text-align: center">3 April 2025</td><td> </td> <td style="vertical-align: top; text-align: center"><div style="-sec-ix-hidden: hidden-fact-67">RMB Nil/ <br/> RMB 5,000,000</div></td><td> </td> <td style="vertical-align: top; text-align: center"><div style="-sec-ix-hidden: hidden-fact-68">-</div></td><td style="text-align: center; vertical-align: top"> </td> <td style="vertical-align: top; text-align: center">100%</td><td style="text-align: center; vertical-align: top"> </td> <td style="vertical-align: top; text-align: center">100%</td><td> </td> <td style="vertical-align: top; text-align: center">Dormant</td></tr> </table><table cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; width: 100%; border-spacing: 0px;"><tr style="vertical-align: top; text-align: justify"> <td style="width: 0in"></td><td style="width: 0.25in; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i>*:</i></span></td><td style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i>The English names of these companies represent the best effort made by the directors of the Company to translate the Chinese names as these companies have not been registered with any official English names.</i></span></td> </tr></table> BVI 2018-11-15 100000 50000000 1 1 1 Investment holding Hong Kong 2012-10-08 10000000 10000000 1 1 1 Investment holding PRC 2013-05-24 29670000000 35000000000 1 1 1 Sales of refined teas PRC 2008-05-26 3060000000 3060000000 1 1 1 Processing of tea leaves and wholesale primarily- processed teas PRC 2025-04-03 5000000000 1 1 Dormant <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt -0.25in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><b>2. Significant Accounting Policies</b></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt -0.25in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><b> </b></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt -0.25in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><b>2(a) Basis of Presentation</b></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"> </p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in">The accompanying consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“U.S. GAAP”) and pursuant to the rules and regulations of the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”).</p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt -0.25in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><b> </b></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt -0.25in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><b>2(b) Principles of Consolidation</b></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"> </p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in">The Consolidated Financial Statements include the financial statements of Oriental Rise Holdings Limited and its wholly-owned subsidiaries.</p><p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in">Subsidiaries are all entities over which the Group has control. The Group controls an entity when the Group is exposed to or has rights to variable returns from its involvement with the investee and has the ability to affect those returns through its power over the investee. Subsidiaries are fully consolidated from the date on which control is transferred to the Group. They are de-consolidated from the date that control ceases. All significant intercompany transactions and account balances have been eliminated.</p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt -0.25in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><b> </b></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt -0.25in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><b>2(c) Use of Estimates</b></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"> </p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in">The preparation of financial statements in conformity with U.S. GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the amounts reported in the consolidated financial statements and accompanying notes. Although these estimates are based on the Company’s knowledge of current events and actions the Company may undertake in the future, actual results could differ from those estimates and assumptions. Items subject to estimates and assumptions include the useful lives of fixed assets, incremental borrowing rates used in leases, impairment of long lived assets and the valuation of inventories which are determined as not significant. Significant accounting estimates reflected in the Group’s financial statements include valuation of derivative liabilities.</p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"> </p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in">The estimates and underlying assumptions are reviewed on an ongoing basis. Revisions to accounting estimates are recognized in the period in which the estimate is revised if the revision affects only that period, or in the period of the revision and future periods if the revision affects both current and future periods.</p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"> </p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in">The Company’s results can also be affected by economic, political, legislative, regulatory and legal actions. Economic conditions, such as inflation, interest and monetary exchange rates, and government fiscal policies, can have a significant effect on operations. While the Company maintains reserves for anticipated liabilities and carries various levels of insurance, the Company could be affected by civil, criminal, environmental, regulatory or administrative actions, claims, or proceedings.</p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt -0.25in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><b> </b></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt -0.25in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><b>2(d) Cash and Cash Equivalents</b></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"> </p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in">Cash and cash equivalents comprise cash at bank and on hand, demand deposits with banks and other financial institutions, and short-term highly liquid investments which are readily convertible into known amounts of cash and subject to an insignificant risk of change in value, having been within three months of maturity at acquisition. Bank overdrafts which are repayable on demand and form an integral part of the Group’s cash management are also included as a component of cash and cash equivalents for the purpose of the consolidated statements of cash flows.</p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt -0.25in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><b> </b></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt -0.25in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><b>2(e) Inventories</b></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"> </p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in">Raw materials and finished goods are valued at the lower of cost or net realizable value. Cost is determined using weighted average method. Finished goods inventories represent costs associated with boxed produce not yet sold. Raw materials primarily represent growing and packaging supplies.</p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"> </p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in">Growing leaves inventories primarily represent the capitalized costs associated with growing tea leaves, consist of but not limited to costs of plantation, cultivation, pest controls, pruning and irrigation etc.</p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt -0.25in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><b> </b></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt -0.25in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><b>2(f) Property, plant and equipment and depreciation</b></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"> </p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in">Property, plant and equipment are stated at cost less accumulated depreciation and impairment. Expenditures for additions or renewals and improvements are capitalized; expenditures for maintenance and repairs that neither materially add to the value of the property nor appreciably prolong its economic life are charged to expense as incurred.</p><p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in">Depreciation is calculated on the straight-line basis to write off the cost of each item of property, plant and equipment to its residual value over its estimated useful lives. The principal annual rates used for this purpose are as follows:</p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"> </p> <table cellpadding="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-spacing: 0px;"> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td style="font-weight: bold; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">Category</td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">Estimated <br/> useful lives</td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">Estimated <br/> residual values</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="text-align: left; text-indent: -9pt; padding-left: 9pt">Bearer plant</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: center">24 – 30 years</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right"><div style="-sec-ix-hidden: hidden-fact-69">—</div></td><td style="text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; "> <td style="text-indent: -9pt; padding-left: 9pt">Buildings</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: center">5 – 20 years</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">0 – 5</span></td><td style="text-align: left">%</td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="text-align: left; text-indent: -9pt; padding-left: 9pt">Plant and machinery</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: center">5 – 10 years</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">0 – 5</span></td><td style="text-align: left">%</td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; "> <td style="text-align: left; text-indent: -9pt; padding-left: 9pt">Office equipment</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: center">3 – 10 years</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">0 – 5</span></td><td style="text-align: left">%</td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="width: 76%; text-align: left; text-indent: -9pt; padding-left: 9pt">Motor vehicles</td><td style="width: 1%"> </td> <td style="width: 11%; text-align: center">4 years</td><td style="width: 1%"> </td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"> </td><td style="width: 9%; text-align: right">5</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">%</td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; "> <td style="text-indent: -9pt; padding-left: 9pt">Software</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: center">3 – 10 years</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right"><div style="-sec-ix-hidden: hidden-fact-70">—</div></td><td style="text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="text-align: left; text-indent: -9pt; padding-left: 9pt">Leasehold improvements</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: center">10 years</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right"><div style="-sec-ix-hidden: hidden-fact-71">—</div></td><td style="text-align: left"> </td></tr> </table> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt -0.25in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><b> </b></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt -0.25in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><b>2(g) Operating Leases</b></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"> </p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in">A lease is defined as a contract that conveys the right to control the use of identified tangible property for a period of time in exchange for consideration. The Group adopted ASC Topic 842 which primarily affected the accounting treatment for operating lease agreements in which the Group is the lessee including leases of lands used in its operations. The Group elected to not recognize right of use assets (“ROU”) and lease liabilities arising from short-term leases with initial lease terms of twelve months or less (deemed immaterial) on the accompanying consolidated balance sheets.</p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"> </p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in">We determine if an arrangement is a lease at inception. Payments under our lease arrangements are fixed. ROU assets and lease liabilities are recognized at the present value of the future lease payments at the lease commencement date. The interest rate used to determine the present value of the future lease payments is incremental borrowing rate, because the interest rate implicit in the leases is not readily determinable. The incremental borrowing rate is estimated to approximate the interest rate on a collateralized basis with similar terms and payments, and in economic environments where the leased asset is located. The lease terms include periods under options to extend or terminate the lease when it is reasonably certain that we will exercise that option. The Group generally uses the base, non-cancelable, lease term when determining the ROU assets and lease liabilities. ROU assets also include any prepaid lease payments and lease incentives. Operating lease expense is recognized on a straight-line basis over the lease term.</p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt -0.25in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><b> </b></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt -0.25in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><b>2(h) Impairment of long-lived assets</b></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"> </p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in">Long-lived assets include property, plant and equipment and ROU are reviewed for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate the carrying amount of a long-lived asset or asset group may not be recoverable. Recoverability of assets is measured by comparing the carrying amount of an asset to future undiscounted net cash flows expected to be generated by the asset. If such assets are considered to be impaired, the impairment to be recognized is measured by the amount by which the carrying amount of the assets exceeds the fair value of the assets. The Company did not record any impairment losses for the years ended December 31, 2023, 2024 and 2025.</p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt -0.25in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><b> </b></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt -0.25in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><b>2(i) Financial Instruments</b></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"> </p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in">Financial instruments of the Group primarily consist of cash and cash equivalents, trade receivables, prepayments and other current assets, trade payables, short-term bank borrowings, accruals and other payables and amount due from/to related parties. The carrying values of the Group’s financial instruments approximate their fair values, principally because of the short-term maturity of these instruments or their terms. The Group accounts for its 2025 Warrants (See note 19 below) as financial liabilities due to their derivative characteristics.</p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt -0.25in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><b> </b></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt -0.25in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><b>2(j) Trade Receivables and Allowance for Credit Losses</b></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"> </p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in">Trade receivables are stated at the amount the Group expects to collect. The Group maintains allowances for credit losses. Management considers the following factors when determining the collectability of trade receivables: economic environment, historical experience, creditworthiness of the clients, aging of the receivables and other specific circumstances related to the accounts. Allowance for credit losses is made and recorded into administrative expenses based on the aging of trade receivables, taking forward looking factors into accounts, and on any specifically identified receivables that may become uncollectible. Trade receivables which are deemed to be uncollectible are charged off against the allowance after all means of collection have been exhausted and the potential for recovery is considered remote. The Group takes a write-off of the account balances when the Group can demonstrate all means of collection on the outstanding balances have been exhausted. Volatility in market conditions and evolving credit trends are difficult to predict and may cause variability and volatility that may have an impact on our allowance for credit losses in future periods. There was <span style="-sec-ix-hidden: hidden-fact-72"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: hidden-fact-73">no</span></span> allowance for credit losses or write-off during the years ended December 31, 2023, 2024 and 2025.</p><p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt -0.25in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><b>2(k) Revenue Recognition</b></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"> </p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in">Revenue is recognized when a customer obtains control of promised goods or services and is recognized in an amount that reflects the consideration that an entity expects to receive in exchange for those goods or services. In addition, the standard requires disclosure of the nature, amount, timing, and uncertainty of revenue and cash flows arising from contracts with customers. The amount of revenue that is recorded reflects the consideration that the Group expects to receive in exchange for those goods or services. The Group applies the following five-step model in order to determine this amount: (i) identification of the promised goods or services in the contract; (ii) determination of whether the promised goods or services are performance obligations, including whether they are distinct in the context of the contract; (iii) measurement of the transaction price, including the constraint on variable consideration; (iv) allocation of the transaction price to the performance obligations; and (v) recognition of revenue when (or as) the Group satisfies each performance obligation.</p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"> </p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in">The Group only applies the five-step model to contracts when it is probable that the entity will collect the consideration it is entitled to in exchange for the goods or services it transfers to the customer. Once a contract is determined to be within the scope of ASC 606 at contract inception, the Group reviews the contract to determine which performance obligations the Group must deliver and which of these performance obligations are distinct. The Group recognizes as revenues the amount of the transaction price that is allocated to the respective performance obligation when (or as) the performance obligation is satisfied.</p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"> </p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in">Our revenue consists primarily of the sale of primarily-processed teas and refined teas in the PRC. Sales of products are for cash or otherwise agreed-upon credit terms. Our payment terms vary by customer. Our revenue generating activities have a single performance obligation and are recognized at the point in time when control transfers and our obligation has been fulfilled, which is when the related goods are delivered to the customer, depending upon the method of distribution, and delivery terms. Revenue is measured as the amount of consideration we expect to receive in exchange for our products. We do not allow for a right of return except for matters related to quality.</p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt -0.25in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><b> </b></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt -0.25in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><b>2(l) Income Taxes</b></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"> </p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in">Income taxes are provided for in accordance with the laws and regulations applicable to the Group as enacted by the relevant tax authorities. The impact of an uncertain income tax position on the income tax return is recognized at the largest amount that is more-likely-than-not to be sustained upon audit of the related tax authority. An uncertain income tax position will not be recognized if it has less than a 50% likelihood of being sustained. As of December 31, 2024 and 2025, the Group had <span style="-sec-ix-hidden: hidden-fact-74"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: hidden-fact-75">no</span></span> uncertain income tax position. Changes in recognition or measurement are reflected in the period in which the change in judgment occurs, if any. The Group records interest and penalties related to unrecognized tax liabilities (if any) in interest expenses and administrative expenses, respectively.</p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"> </p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in">The Group recognizes deferred tax assets and liabilities for the expected future tax consequences of events that have been included in the financial statements or tax returns. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are determined based on the difference between the financial statement and tax bases of assets and liabilities using enacted tax rates in effect for the year in which the differences are expected to reverse. Valuation allowances are provided, if, based upon the weight of available evidence, it is more likely than not that some or all of the deferred tax assets will not be realized.</p><p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt -0.25in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><b>2(m) Commitments and Contingencies</b></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"> </p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in">In the normal course of business, the Group is subject to loss contingencies, such as legal proceedings and claims arising out of its business, that cover a wide range of matters, including, among others, government investigations, lawsuits, and tax disputes. An accrual for a loss contingency is recognized when it is probable that a liability has been incurred and the amount of loss can be reasonably estimated. If a potential material loss contingency is not probable but is reasonably possible, or is probable but cannot be estimated, then the nature of the contingent liability, together with an estimate of the range of possible loss if determinable and material, is disclosed. As of December 31, 2024 and 2025, the Group had <span style="-sec-ix-hidden: hidden-fact-76"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: hidden-fact-77">no</span></span> such potential material loss contingency.</p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt -0.25in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><b> </b></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt -0.25in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><b>2(n) Fair Value Measurement</b></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"> </p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in">The Group defines fair value as the price that would be received from selling an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date.</p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"> </p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in">When determining the fair value measurements for assets and liabilities required or permitted to be recorded at fair value, the Group considers the principal or most advantageous market in which it would transact and it considers assumptions that market participants would use when pricing the asset or liability.</p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"> </p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in">The Group follows the provisions of ASC 820, “Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures”. ASC 820 clarifies the definition of fair value, prescribes methods for measuring fair value, and establishes a fair value hierarchy to classify the inputs used in measuring fair value as follows:</p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"> </p> <table cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse; border-spacing: 0px;"> <tr style="vertical-align: top"> <td style="width: 0.25in; text-align: justify"> </td> <td style="white-space: nowrap; width: 0.5in; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Level 1:</span></td> <td style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">applies to assets or liabilities for which there are quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities. </span></td></tr> </table> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"> </p> <table cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse; border-spacing: 0px;"> <tr style="vertical-align: top"> <td style="width: 0.25in; text-align: justify"> </td> <td style="white-space: nowrap; width: 0.5in; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Level 2:</span></td> <td style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">applies to assets or liabilities for which there are inputs, other than quoted prices in level 1, that are observable for the asset or liability such as quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities in active markets; quoted prices for identical assets or liabilities in markets with insufficient volume or infrequent transactions (less active markets); or model-derived valuations in which significant inputs are observable or can be derived principally from, or corroborated by, observable market data.</span></td></tr> </table> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"> </p> <table cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse; border-spacing: 0px;"> <tr style="vertical-align: top"> <td style="width: 0.25in; text-align: justify"> </td> <td style="white-space: nowrap; width: 0.5in; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Level 3:</span></td> <td style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">applies to assets or liabilities for which there are unobservable inputs to the valuation methodology that are significant to the measurement of the fair value of the asset or liability.</span></td></tr> </table> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"> </p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in">The Group’s financial instruments consist of cash and cash equivalents, trade receivables, prepayments and other current assets, deposits, bank borrowings, trade payables, accruals and other payables, amounts due to related parties and warrants. The carrying value of cash and cash equivalents, trade receivables, prepayments and other current assets, deposits, bank borrowings, trade payables, accruals and other payables and amounts due to related parties approximates the fair value due to the short-term nature of those instruments. See Note 19. Warrants for additional information on the respective fair value measurements.</p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt -0.25in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><b> </b></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt -0.25in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><b>2(o) Foreign currency translation</b></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"> </p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in">All of the Group’s operations are conducted in the PRC and as a result, the functional currency of the Group’s PRC subsidiaries is the Chinese Renminbi (“RMB”). The presentation currency of the Group is the USD.</p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"> </p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in">Monetary assets and liabilities denominated in currencies other than the applicable functional currencies are translated into the functional currency at the prevailing rates of exchange at the balance sheet date. Transactions in currencies other than the functional currency are converted into the functional currency at the applicable rates of exchange prevailing at the transaction dates. Transaction gains and losses are recognized in the statements of operations.</p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"> </p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in">In translating the financial statements of the Company’s subsidiaries in functional currencies into the presentation currency, assets and liabilities are translated from the subsidiaries’ functional currencies to the presentation currency at the exchange rate at the balance sheet date. Equity amounts are translated at historical exchange rates; revenues, expenses, and other gains and losses are translated using the average rate for the period. Translation adjustments are reported as cumulative translation adjustments and are shown as a separate component of other comprehensive income/(loss) in the Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income.</p><p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt -0.25in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><b>2(p) Recently Issued Accounting Pronouncements</b></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"> </p> <table cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse; border-spacing: 0px;"> <tr style="vertical-align: top"> <td style="width: 0.5in"> </td> <td style="width: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(i)</span></td> <td style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Recently adopted accounting pronouncements</span></td></tr> </table> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.75in"> </p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.75in; text-align: justify">In December 2023, the FASB issued ASU 2023-09, Income Taxes (Topic 740): Improvements to Income Tax Disclosures, (“ASU 2023-09”). The ASU enhances the transparency and decision usefulness of income tax disclosures by requiring additional disaggregation of information related to the effective tax rate reconciliation, income taxes paid, and income tax expense and pretax income by jurisdiction. The Company adopted ASU 2023 09 on a prospective basis effective January 1, 2025. Accordingly, the enhanced income tax disclosures are presented beginning in fiscal year 2025, and prior period disclosures have not been recast. The adoption of this guidance did not have an impact on the Company’s consolidated results of operations, financial position, or cash flows, as the amendments relate solely to disclosure requirements.</p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.75in; text-align: justify"> </p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.75in; text-align: justify">In March 2024, the FASB issued ASU 2024-02, “Codification Improvements – Amendments to Remove References to the Concept Statements” (“ASU 2024-02”). ASU 2024-02 contains amendments to the FASB Accounting Standards Codification that remove references to various FASB Concepts Statements. In most instances, the references are extraneous and not required to understand or apply the guidance. In other instances, the references were used in prior Statements to provide guidance in certain topical areas. The Company adopted ASU 2024-02 for the annual period ending December 31, 2025. The adoption of this standard did not have a material impact to our results of operations, cash flows or financial condition</p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.75in; text-align: justify">  </p> <table cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse; border-spacing: 0px;"> <tr style="vertical-align: top"> <td style="width: 0.5in"> </td> <td style="width: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(ii)</span></td> <td style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Recently issued accounting pronouncements not yet adopted</span></td></tr> </table> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.75in"> </p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.75in; text-align: justify">In January 2025, the FASB issued ASU 2025-01, “Income Statement – Comprehensive Income – Expense Disaggregation Disclosure (Subtopic 220-40): Clarifying the Effective Date.” This pronouncement revises the effective date of ASU 2024-03 and clarifies that all public business entities are required to adopt the guidance in annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2026, and interim periods within annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2027. Entities within the ASU’s scope are permitted to early adopt the accounting standard update. The Company is currently evaluating these new disclosure requirements and does not expect the adoption to have a material impact.</p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.75in; text-align: justify"> </p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.75in; text-align: justify">In November 2024, the FASB issued ASU 2024-03, “Income Statement—Reporting Comprehensive Income (Subtopic 220-40): Disaggregation of Income Statement Expenses.” This pronouncement introduces new disclosure requirements aimed at enhancing transparency in financial reporting by requiring disaggregation of specific income statement expense captions. Under the new guidance, entities are required to disclose a breakdown of certain expense categories, such as: employee compensation; depreciation; amortization, and other material components. The disaggregated information can be presented either on the face of the income statement or in the notes to the financial statements, often using a tabular format. The ASU is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2025, and interim periods within those fiscal years. Early adoption is permitted. In January 2025, the FASB issued ASU 2025-01, which revises the effective date of ASU 2024-03 (on disclosures about disaggregation of income statement expenses) “to clarify that all public business entities are required to adopt the guidance in annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2026, and interim periods within annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2027.” Entities within the ASU’s scope are permitted to early adopt the ASU. The Company is currently evaluating these new disclosure requirements and does not expect the adoption to have a material impact</p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.75in; text-align: justify"> </p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.75in; text-align: justify">Other accounting standards issued by FASB do not require adoption until a future date are not expected to have a material impact on the consolidated financial statements upon adoption. The Company does not discuss recent standards that are not anticipated to have an impact on or are unrelated to its consolidated financial condition, results of operations, cash flows or disclosures.</p> (a) Basis of Presentation<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in">The accompanying consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“U.S. GAAP”) and pursuant to the rules and regulations of the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”).</p> (b) Principles of Consolidation<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in">The Consolidated Financial Statements include the financial statements of Oriental Rise Holdings Limited and its wholly-owned subsidiaries.</p><p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in">Subsidiaries are all entities over which the Group has control. The Group controls an entity when the Group is exposed to or has rights to variable returns from its involvement with the investee and has the ability to affect those returns through its power over the investee. Subsidiaries are fully consolidated from the date on which control is transferred to the Group. They are de-consolidated from the date that control ceases. All significant intercompany transactions and account balances have been eliminated.</p> (c) Use of Estimates<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in">The preparation of financial statements in conformity with U.S. GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the amounts reported in the consolidated financial statements and accompanying notes. Although these estimates are based on the Company’s knowledge of current events and actions the Company may undertake in the future, actual results could differ from those estimates and assumptions. Items subject to estimates and assumptions include the useful lives of fixed assets, incremental borrowing rates used in leases, impairment of long lived assets and the valuation of inventories which are determined as not significant. Significant accounting estimates reflected in the Group’s financial statements include valuation of derivative liabilities.</p><p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in">The estimates and underlying assumptions are reviewed on an ongoing basis. Revisions to accounting estimates are recognized in the period in which the estimate is revised if the revision affects only that period, or in the period of the revision and future periods if the revision affects both current and future periods.</p><p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in">The Company’s results can also be affected by economic, political, legislative, regulatory and legal actions. Economic conditions, such as inflation, interest and monetary exchange rates, and government fiscal policies, can have a significant effect on operations. While the Company maintains reserves for anticipated liabilities and carries various levels of insurance, the Company could be affected by civil, criminal, environmental, regulatory or administrative actions, claims, or proceedings.</p> (d) Cash and Cash Equivalents<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in">Cash and cash equivalents comprise cash at bank and on hand, demand deposits with banks and other financial institutions, and short-term highly liquid investments which are readily convertible into known amounts of cash and subject to an insignificant risk of change in value, having been within three months of maturity at acquisition. Bank overdrafts which are repayable on demand and form an integral part of the Group’s cash management are also included as a component of cash and cash equivalents for the purpose of the consolidated statements of cash flows.</p> (e) Inventories<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in">Raw materials and finished goods are valued at the lower of cost or net realizable value. Cost is determined using weighted average method. Finished goods inventories represent costs associated with boxed produce not yet sold. Raw materials primarily represent growing and packaging supplies.</p><p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in">Growing leaves inventories primarily represent the capitalized costs associated with growing tea leaves, consist of but not limited to costs of plantation, cultivation, pest controls, pruning and irrigation etc.</p> (f) Property, plant and equipment and depreciation<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in">Property, plant and equipment are stated at cost less accumulated depreciation and impairment. Expenditures for additions or renewals and improvements are capitalized; expenditures for maintenance and repairs that neither materially add to the value of the property nor appreciably prolong its economic life are charged to expense as incurred.</p><p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in">Depreciation is calculated on the straight-line basis to write off the cost of each item of property, plant and equipment to its residual value over its estimated useful lives. The principal annual rates used for this purpose are as follows:</p><table cellpadding="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-spacing: 0px;"> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td style="font-weight: bold; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">Category</td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">Estimated <br/> useful lives</td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">Estimated <br/> residual values</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="text-align: left; text-indent: -9pt; padding-left: 9pt">Bearer plant</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: center">24 – 30 years</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right"><div style="-sec-ix-hidden: hidden-fact-69">—</div></td><td style="text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; "> <td style="text-indent: -9pt; padding-left: 9pt">Buildings</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: center">5 – 20 years</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">0 – 5</span></td><td style="text-align: left">%</td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="text-align: left; text-indent: -9pt; padding-left: 9pt">Plant and machinery</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: center">5 – 10 years</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">0 – 5</span></td><td style="text-align: left">%</td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; "> <td style="text-align: left; text-indent: -9pt; padding-left: 9pt">Office equipment</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: center">3 – 10 years</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">0 – 5</span></td><td style="text-align: left">%</td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="width: 76%; text-align: left; text-indent: -9pt; padding-left: 9pt">Motor vehicles</td><td style="width: 1%"> </td> <td style="width: 11%; text-align: center">4 years</td><td style="width: 1%"> </td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"> </td><td style="width: 9%; text-align: right">5</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">%</td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; "> <td style="text-indent: -9pt; padding-left: 9pt">Software</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: center">3 – 10 years</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right"><div style="-sec-ix-hidden: hidden-fact-70">—</div></td><td style="text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="text-align: left; text-indent: -9pt; padding-left: 9pt">Leasehold improvements</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: center">10 years</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right"><div style="-sec-ix-hidden: hidden-fact-71">—</div></td><td style="text-align: left"> </td></tr> </table> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in">Depreciation is calculated on the straight-line basis to write off the cost of each item of property, plant and equipment to its residual value over its estimated useful lives. The principal annual rates used for this purpose are as follows:</p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"> </p> <table cellpadding="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-spacing: 0px;"> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td style="font-weight: bold; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">Category</td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">Estimated <br/> useful lives</td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">Estimated <br/> residual values</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="text-align: left; text-indent: -9pt; padding-left: 9pt">Bearer plant</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: center">24 – 30 years</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right"><div style="-sec-ix-hidden: hidden-fact-69">—</div></td><td style="text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; "> <td style="text-indent: -9pt; padding-left: 9pt">Buildings</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: center">5 – 20 years</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">0 – 5</span></td><td style="text-align: left">%</td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="text-align: left; text-indent: -9pt; padding-left: 9pt">Plant and machinery</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: center">5 – 10 years</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">0 – 5</span></td><td style="text-align: left">%</td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; "> <td style="text-align: left; text-indent: -9pt; padding-left: 9pt">Office equipment</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: center">3 – 10 years</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">0 – 5</span></td><td style="text-align: left">%</td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="width: 76%; text-align: left; text-indent: -9pt; padding-left: 9pt">Motor vehicles</td><td style="width: 1%"> </td> <td style="width: 11%; text-align: center">4 years</td><td style="width: 1%"> </td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"> </td><td style="width: 9%; text-align: right">5</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">%</td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; "> <td style="text-indent: -9pt; padding-left: 9pt">Software</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: center">3 – 10 years</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right"><div style="-sec-ix-hidden: hidden-fact-70">—</div></td><td style="text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="text-align: left; text-indent: -9pt; padding-left: 9pt">Leasehold improvements</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: center">10 years</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right"><div style="-sec-ix-hidden: hidden-fact-71">—</div></td><td style="text-align: left"> </td></tr> </table> P24Y P30Y P5Y P20Y 0 0.05 P5Y P10Y 0 0.05 P3Y P10Y 0 0.05 P4Y 0.05 P3Y P10Y P10Y (g) Operating Leases<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in">A lease is defined as a contract that conveys the right to control the use of identified tangible property for a period of time in exchange for consideration. The Group adopted ASC Topic 842 which primarily affected the accounting treatment for operating lease agreements in which the Group is the lessee including leases of lands used in its operations. The Group elected to not recognize right of use assets (“ROU”) and lease liabilities arising from short-term leases with initial lease terms of twelve months or less (deemed immaterial) on the accompanying consolidated balance sheets.</p><p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in">We determine if an arrangement is a lease at inception. Payments under our lease arrangements are fixed. ROU assets and lease liabilities are recognized at the present value of the future lease payments at the lease commencement date. The interest rate used to determine the present value of the future lease payments is incremental borrowing rate, because the interest rate implicit in the leases is not readily determinable. The incremental borrowing rate is estimated to approximate the interest rate on a collateralized basis with similar terms and payments, and in economic environments where the leased asset is located. The lease terms include periods under options to extend or terminate the lease when it is reasonably certain that we will exercise that option. The Group generally uses the base, non-cancelable, lease term when determining the ROU assets and lease liabilities. ROU assets also include any prepaid lease payments and lease incentives. Operating lease expense is recognized on a straight-line basis over the lease term.</p> (h) Impairment of long-lived assets<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in">Long-lived assets include property, plant and equipment and ROU are reviewed for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate the carrying amount of a long-lived asset or asset group may not be recoverable. Recoverability of assets is measured by comparing the carrying amount of an asset to future undiscounted net cash flows expected to be generated by the asset. If such assets are considered to be impaired, the impairment to be recognized is measured by the amount by which the carrying amount of the assets exceeds the fair value of the assets. The Company did not record any impairment losses for the years ended December 31, 2023, 2024 and 2025.</p> (i) Financial Instruments<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in">Financial instruments of the Group primarily consist of cash and cash equivalents, trade receivables, prepayments and other current assets, trade payables, short-term bank borrowings, accruals and other payables and amount due from/to related parties. The carrying values of the Group’s financial instruments approximate their fair values, principally because of the short-term maturity of these instruments or their terms. The Group accounts for its 2025 Warrants (See note 19 below) as financial liabilities due to their derivative characteristics.</p> (j) Trade Receivables and Allowance for Credit Losses<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in">Trade receivables are stated at the amount the Group expects to collect. The Group maintains allowances for credit losses. Management considers the following factors when determining the collectability of trade receivables: economic environment, historical experience, creditworthiness of the clients, aging of the receivables and other specific circumstances related to the accounts. Allowance for credit losses is made and recorded into administrative expenses based on the aging of trade receivables, taking forward looking factors into accounts, and on any specifically identified receivables that may become uncollectible. Trade receivables which are deemed to be uncollectible are charged off against the allowance after all means of collection have been exhausted and the potential for recovery is considered remote. The Group takes a write-off of the account balances when the Group can demonstrate all means of collection on the outstanding balances have been exhausted. Volatility in market conditions and evolving credit trends are difficult to predict and may cause variability and volatility that may have an impact on our allowance for credit losses in future periods. There was <span style="-sec-ix-hidden: hidden-fact-72"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: hidden-fact-73">no</span></span> allowance for credit losses or write-off during the years ended December 31, 2023, 2024 and 2025.</p> (k) Revenue Recognition<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in">Revenue is recognized when a customer obtains control of promised goods or services and is recognized in an amount that reflects the consideration that an entity expects to receive in exchange for those goods or services. In addition, the standard requires disclosure of the nature, amount, timing, and uncertainty of revenue and cash flows arising from contracts with customers. The amount of revenue that is recorded reflects the consideration that the Group expects to receive in exchange for those goods or services. The Group applies the following five-step model in order to determine this amount: (i) identification of the promised goods or services in the contract; (ii) determination of whether the promised goods or services are performance obligations, including whether they are distinct in the context of the contract; (iii) measurement of the transaction price, including the constraint on variable consideration; (iv) allocation of the transaction price to the performance obligations; and (v) recognition of revenue when (or as) the Group satisfies each performance obligation.</p><p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in">The Group only applies the five-step model to contracts when it is probable that the entity will collect the consideration it is entitled to in exchange for the goods or services it transfers to the customer. Once a contract is determined to be within the scope of ASC 606 at contract inception, the Group reviews the contract to determine which performance obligations the Group must deliver and which of these performance obligations are distinct. The Group recognizes as revenues the amount of the transaction price that is allocated to the respective performance obligation when (or as) the performance obligation is satisfied.</p><p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in">Our revenue consists primarily of the sale of primarily-processed teas and refined teas in the PRC. Sales of products are for cash or otherwise agreed-upon credit terms. Our payment terms vary by customer. Our revenue generating activities have a single performance obligation and are recognized at the point in time when control transfers and our obligation has been fulfilled, which is when the related goods are delivered to the customer, depending upon the method of distribution, and delivery terms. Revenue is measured as the amount of consideration we expect to receive in exchange for our products. We do not allow for a right of return except for matters related to quality.</p> (l) Income Taxes<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in">Income taxes are provided for in accordance with the laws and regulations applicable to the Group as enacted by the relevant tax authorities. The impact of an uncertain income tax position on the income tax return is recognized at the largest amount that is more-likely-than-not to be sustained upon audit of the related tax authority. An uncertain income tax position will not be recognized if it has less than a 50% likelihood of being sustained. As of December 31, 2024 and 2025, the Group had <span style="-sec-ix-hidden: hidden-fact-74"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: hidden-fact-75">no</span></span> uncertain income tax position. Changes in recognition or measurement are reflected in the period in which the change in judgment occurs, if any. The Group records interest and penalties related to unrecognized tax liabilities (if any) in interest expenses and administrative expenses, respectively.</p><p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in">The Group recognizes deferred tax assets and liabilities for the expected future tax consequences of events that have been included in the financial statements or tax returns. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are determined based on the difference between the financial statement and tax bases of assets and liabilities using enacted tax rates in effect for the year in which the differences are expected to reverse. Valuation allowances are provided, if, based upon the weight of available evidence, it is more likely than not that some or all of the deferred tax assets will not be realized.</p> (m) Commitments and Contingencies<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in">In the normal course of business, the Group is subject to loss contingencies, such as legal proceedings and claims arising out of its business, that cover a wide range of matters, including, among others, government investigations, lawsuits, and tax disputes. An accrual for a loss contingency is recognized when it is probable that a liability has been incurred and the amount of loss can be reasonably estimated. If a potential material loss contingency is not probable but is reasonably possible, or is probable but cannot be estimated, then the nature of the contingent liability, together with an estimate of the range of possible loss if determinable and material, is disclosed. As of December 31, 2024 and 2025, the Group had <span style="-sec-ix-hidden: hidden-fact-76"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: hidden-fact-77">no</span></span> such potential material loss contingency.</p> (n) Fair Value Measurement<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in">The Group defines fair value as the price that would be received from selling an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date.</p><p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in">When determining the fair value measurements for assets and liabilities required or permitted to be recorded at fair value, the Group considers the principal or most advantageous market in which it would transact and it considers assumptions that market participants would use when pricing the asset or liability.</p><p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in">The Group follows the provisions of ASC 820, “Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures”. ASC 820 clarifies the definition of fair value, prescribes methods for measuring fair value, and establishes a fair value hierarchy to classify the inputs used in measuring fair value as follows:</p><table cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse; border-spacing: 0px;"> <tr style="vertical-align: top"> <td style="width: 0.25in; text-align: justify"> </td> <td style="white-space: nowrap; width: 0.5in; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Level 1:</span></td> <td style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">applies to assets or liabilities for which there are quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities. </span></td></tr> </table><table cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse; border-spacing: 0px;"> <tr style="vertical-align: top"> <td style="width: 0.25in; text-align: justify"> </td> <td style="white-space: nowrap; width: 0.5in; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Level 2:</span></td> <td style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">applies to assets or liabilities for which there are inputs, other than quoted prices in level 1, that are observable for the asset or liability such as quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities in active markets; quoted prices for identical assets or liabilities in markets with insufficient volume or infrequent transactions (less active markets); or model-derived valuations in which significant inputs are observable or can be derived principally from, or corroborated by, observable market data.</span></td></tr> </table><table cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse; border-spacing: 0px;"> <tr style="vertical-align: top"> <td style="width: 0.25in; text-align: justify"> </td> <td style="white-space: nowrap; width: 0.5in; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Level 3:</span></td> <td style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">applies to assets or liabilities for which there are unobservable inputs to the valuation methodology that are significant to the measurement of the fair value of the asset or liability.</span></td></tr> </table><p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in">The Group’s financial instruments consist of cash and cash equivalents, trade receivables, prepayments and other current assets, deposits, bank borrowings, trade payables, accruals and other payables, amounts due to related parties and warrants. The carrying value of cash and cash equivalents, trade receivables, prepayments and other current assets, deposits, bank borrowings, trade payables, accruals and other payables and amounts due to related parties approximates the fair value due to the short-term nature of those instruments. See Note 19. Warrants for additional information on the respective fair value measurements.</p> (o) Foreign currency translation<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in">All of the Group’s operations are conducted in the PRC and as a result, the functional currency of the Group’s PRC subsidiaries is the Chinese Renminbi (“RMB”). The presentation currency of the Group is the USD.</p><p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in">Monetary assets and liabilities denominated in currencies other than the applicable functional currencies are translated into the functional currency at the prevailing rates of exchange at the balance sheet date. Transactions in currencies other than the functional currency are converted into the functional currency at the applicable rates of exchange prevailing at the transaction dates. Transaction gains and losses are recognized in the statements of operations.</p><p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in">In translating the financial statements of the Company’s subsidiaries in functional currencies into the presentation currency, assets and liabilities are translated from the subsidiaries’ functional currencies to the presentation currency at the exchange rate at the balance sheet date. Equity amounts are translated at historical exchange rates; revenues, expenses, and other gains and losses are translated using the average rate for the period. Translation adjustments are reported as cumulative translation adjustments and are shown as a separate component of other comprehensive income/(loss) in the Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income.</p> (p) Recently Issued Accounting Pronouncements<table cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse; border-spacing: 0px;"> <tr style="vertical-align: top"> <td style="width: 0.5in"> </td> <td style="width: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(i)</span></td> <td style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Recently adopted accounting pronouncements</span></td></tr> </table><p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.75in; text-align: justify">In December 2023, the FASB issued ASU 2023-09, Income Taxes (Topic 740): Improvements to Income Tax Disclosures, (“ASU 2023-09”). The ASU enhances the transparency and decision usefulness of income tax disclosures by requiring additional disaggregation of information related to the effective tax rate reconciliation, income taxes paid, and income tax expense and pretax income by jurisdiction. The Company adopted ASU 2023 09 on a prospective basis effective January 1, 2025. Accordingly, the enhanced income tax disclosures are presented beginning in fiscal year 2025, and prior period disclosures have not been recast. The adoption of this guidance did not have an impact on the Company’s consolidated results of operations, financial position, or cash flows, as the amendments relate solely to disclosure requirements.</p><p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.75in; text-align: justify">In March 2024, the FASB issued ASU 2024-02, “Codification Improvements – Amendments to Remove References to the Concept Statements” (“ASU 2024-02”). ASU 2024-02 contains amendments to the FASB Accounting Standards Codification that remove references to various FASB Concepts Statements. In most instances, the references are extraneous and not required to understand or apply the guidance. In other instances, the references were used in prior Statements to provide guidance in certain topical areas. The Company adopted ASU 2024-02 for the annual period ending December 31, 2025. The adoption of this standard did not have a material impact to our results of operations, cash flows or financial condition</p><table cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse; border-spacing: 0px;"> <tr style="vertical-align: top"> <td style="width: 0.5in"> </td> <td style="width: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(ii)</span></td> <td style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Recently issued accounting pronouncements not yet adopted</span></td></tr> </table><p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.75in; text-align: justify">In January 2025, the FASB issued ASU 2025-01, “Income Statement – Comprehensive Income – Expense Disaggregation Disclosure (Subtopic 220-40): Clarifying the Effective Date.” This pronouncement revises the effective date of ASU 2024-03 and clarifies that all public business entities are required to adopt the guidance in annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2026, and interim periods within annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2027. Entities within the ASU’s scope are permitted to early adopt the accounting standard update. The Company is currently evaluating these new disclosure requirements and does not expect the adoption to have a material impact.</p><p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.75in; text-align: justify">In November 2024, the FASB issued ASU 2024-03, “Income Statement—Reporting Comprehensive Income (Subtopic 220-40): Disaggregation of Income Statement Expenses.” This pronouncement introduces new disclosure requirements aimed at enhancing transparency in financial reporting by requiring disaggregation of specific income statement expense captions. Under the new guidance, entities are required to disclose a breakdown of certain expense categories, such as: employee compensation; depreciation; amortization, and other material components. The disaggregated information can be presented either on the face of the income statement or in the notes to the financial statements, often using a tabular format. The ASU is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2025, and interim periods within those fiscal years. Early adoption is permitted. In January 2025, the FASB issued ASU 2025-01, which revises the effective date of ASU 2024-03 (on disclosures about disaggregation of income statement expenses) “to clarify that all public business entities are required to adopt the guidance in annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2026, and interim periods within annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2027.” Entities within the ASU’s scope are permitted to early adopt the ASU. The Company is currently evaluating these new disclosure requirements and does not expect the adoption to have a material impact</p><p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.75in; text-align: justify">Other accounting standards issued by FASB do not require adoption until a future date are not expected to have a material impact on the consolidated financial statements upon adoption. The Company does not discuss recent standards that are not anticipated to have an impact on or are unrelated to its consolidated financial condition, results of operations, cash flows or disclosures.</p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt -0.25in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><b>3. Revenue and segment information</b></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"> </p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="text-decoration:underline">Revenue</span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"> </p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in">The Group’s revenue was generated from production and trading of primarily-processed teas and refined teas in the PRC. Disaggregation of revenue from contracts with customers recognized at a point in time is as follows:</p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"> </p> <table cellpadding="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-spacing: 0px;"> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td style="text-align: center"> </td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td colspan="10" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">Year ended<br/> December 31,</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td style="text-align: center"> </td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">2023</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"> </td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">2024</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"> </td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">2025</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td style="text-align: center"> </td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">USD’000</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"> </td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">USD’000</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"> </td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">USD’000</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td>Sales of primarily-processed white teas</td><td> </td> <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center"> </td><td> </td><td> </td> <td colspan="2" style="text-align: right"> </td><td> </td><td> </td> <td colspan="2" style="text-align: right"> </td><td> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="width: 64%; text-indent: -9pt; padding-left: 9pt">Premium-grade</td><td style="width: 1%"> </td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"> </td><td style="width: 9%; text-align: right">3,578</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"> </td><td style="width: 1%"> </td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"> </td><td style="width: 9%; text-align: right">1,783</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"> </td><td style="width: 1%"> </td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"> </td><td style="width: 9%; text-align: right">1,824</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; "> <td style="text-indent: -9pt; padding-left: 9pt">First-grade</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">5,806</td><td style="text-align: left"> </td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">3,260</td><td style="text-align: left"> </td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">3,409</td><td style="text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="text-indent: -9pt; padding-left: 9pt">Second-grade</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">5,088</td><td style="text-align: left"> </td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">3,029</td><td style="text-align: left"> </td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">2,397</td><td style="text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; "> <td style="text-indent: -9pt; padding-left: 9pt">Third-grade</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">5,413</td><td style="text-align: left"> </td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">3,159</td><td style="text-align: left"> </td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">2,284</td><td style="text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="text-align: left; text-indent: -9pt; padding-left: 9pt">Sales of primarily-processed black teas</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right"> </td><td style="text-align: left"> </td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right"> </td><td style="text-align: left"> </td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right"> </td><td style="text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; "> <td style="text-indent: -9pt; padding-left: 9pt">Premium-grade</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">691</td><td style="text-align: left"> </td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">449</td><td style="text-align: left"> </td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">434</td><td style="text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="text-indent: -9pt; padding-left: 9pt">First-grade</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">1,176</td><td style="text-align: left"> </td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">776</td><td style="text-align: left"> </td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">754</td><td style="text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; "> <td style="text-indent: -9pt; padding-left: 9pt">Second-grade</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">900</td><td style="text-align: left"> </td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">690</td><td style="text-align: left"> </td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">581</td><td style="text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="text-indent: -9pt; padding-left: 9pt">Third-grade</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">1,031</td><td style="text-align: left"> </td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">669</td><td style="text-align: left"> </td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">530</td><td style="text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; "> <td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-indent: -9pt; padding-left: 9pt">Sales of refined teas</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"> </td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">439</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"> </td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"> </td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">1,199</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"> </td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"> </td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">6</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="padding-bottom: 4pt; text-indent: -9pt; padding-left: 9pt"> </td><td style="padding-bottom: 4pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: left"> </td><td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: right">24,122</td><td style="padding-bottom: 4pt; text-align: left"> </td><td style="padding-bottom: 4pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: left"> </td><td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: right">15,014</td><td style="padding-bottom: 4pt; text-align: left"> </td><td style="padding-bottom: 4pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: left"> </td><td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: right">12,219</td><td style="padding-bottom: 4pt; text-align: left"> </td></tr> </table> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"> </p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="text-decoration:underline">Segment information</span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"> </p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in">Operating segments are components of public entities that engage in business activities from which they may earn revenues and incur expenses for which separate financial information is available and which is evaluated regularly by the Company’s <span style="-sec-ix-hidden: hidden-fact-78">chief operating decision maker</span> (“CODM”) in deciding how to assess performance and allocate resources. The Company’s CODM assesses performance and allocates resources based on two reporting segments: primarily-processed teas and refined teas.</p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"> </p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in">Total revenues represent sales to unaffiliated customers, as reported in the Consolidated Statements of Operations. The Company evaluates the segments’ performance based on direct margins (gross profit) from operations before selling and distribution costs, administrative expenses, finance costs, other income (loss) and income taxes.</p><p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in">Information by operating segment is as follows:</p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"> </p> <table cellpadding="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-spacing: 0px;"> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td style="text-align: center"> </td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td colspan="10" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">Year ended <br/> December 31,</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td style="text-align: center"> </td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">2023</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"> </td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">2024</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"> </td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">2025</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td style="text-align: center"> </td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">USD’000</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"> </td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">USD’000</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"> </td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">USD’000</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td style="font-weight: bold">Revenues:</td><td> </td> <td colspan="2"> </td><td> </td><td> </td> <td colspan="2" style="text-align: right"> </td><td> </td><td> </td> <td colspan="2" style="text-align: right"> </td><td> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="width: 64%; text-align: left; text-indent: -9pt; padding-left: 9pt">Sales of primarily-processed teas</td><td style="width: 1%"> </td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"> </td><td style="width: 9%; text-align: right">23,683</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"> </td><td style="width: 1%"> </td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"> </td><td style="width: 9%; text-align: right">13,815</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"> </td><td style="width: 1%"> </td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"> </td><td style="width: 9%; text-align: right">12,213</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; "> <td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-indent: -9pt; padding-left: 9pt">Sales of refined teas</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"> </td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">439</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"> </td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"> </td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">1,199</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"> </td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"> </td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">6</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-indent: -9pt; padding-left: 9pt"> </td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"> </td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">24,122</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"> </td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"> </td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">15,014</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"> </td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"> </td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">12,219</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; "> <td style="font-weight: bold; text-indent: -9pt; padding-left: 9pt">Cost of sales:</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right"> </td><td style="text-align: left"> </td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right"> </td><td style="text-align: left"> </td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right"> </td><td style="text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="text-align: left; text-indent: -9pt; padding-left: 9pt">Sales of primarily-processed teas</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">11,269</td><td style="text-align: left"> </td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">10,427</td><td style="text-align: left"> </td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">10,900</td><td style="text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; "> <td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-indent: -9pt; padding-left: 9pt">Sales of refined teas</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"> </td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">69</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"> </td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"> </td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">657</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"> </td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"> </td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">5</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-indent: -9pt; padding-left: 9pt"> </td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"> </td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">11,338</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"> </td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"> </td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">11,084</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"> </td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"> </td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">10,905</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; "> <td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left; text-indent: -9pt; padding-left: 9pt">Segment results:</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right"> </td><td style="text-align: left"> </td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right"> </td><td style="text-align: left"> </td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right"> </td><td style="text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="text-align: left; text-indent: -9pt; padding-left: 9pt">Sales of primarily-processed teas</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">12,414</td><td style="text-align: left"> </td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">3,388</td><td style="text-align: left"> </td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">1,313</td><td style="text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; "> <td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-indent: -9pt; padding-left: 9pt">Sales of refined teas</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"> </td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">370</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"> </td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"> </td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">542</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"> </td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"> </td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">1</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="padding-bottom: 4pt; text-indent: -9pt; padding-left: 9pt"> </td><td style="padding-bottom: 4pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: left"> </td><td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: right">12,784</td><td style="padding-bottom: 4pt; text-align: left"> </td><td style="padding-bottom: 4pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: left"> </td><td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: right">3,930</td><td style="padding-bottom: 4pt; text-align: left"> </td><td style="padding-bottom: 4pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: left"> </td><td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: right">1,314</td><td style="padding-bottom: 4pt; text-align: left"> </td></tr> </table> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"> </p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in">No geographical information is presented as all of the Group’s business is carried out in the PRC and from which the Group’s revenue from external customers is generated.</p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"> </p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in">During the years ended December 31, 2023, 2024 and 2025, none of independent third-party customers accounted for more than 10% of the Group’s total revenue.</p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"> </p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in">Measurement of segment assets and liabilities is not provided regularly to the Group’s CODM and accordingly, no segment assets and liabilities information is presented. Management considered the operating expenses cannot be effectively allocated to each segment.</p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in">The Group’s revenue was generated from production and trading of primarily-processed teas and refined teas in the PRC. Disaggregation of revenue from contracts with customers recognized at a point in time is as follows:</p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"> </p> <table cellpadding="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-spacing: 0px;"> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td style="text-align: center"> </td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td colspan="10" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">Year ended<br/> December 31,</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td style="text-align: center"> </td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">2023</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"> </td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">2024</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"> </td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">2025</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td style="text-align: center"> </td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">USD’000</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"> </td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">USD’000</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"> </td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">USD’000</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td>Sales of primarily-processed white teas</td><td> </td> <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center"> </td><td> </td><td> </td> <td colspan="2" style="text-align: right"> </td><td> </td><td> </td> <td colspan="2" style="text-align: right"> </td><td> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="width: 64%; text-indent: -9pt; padding-left: 9pt">Premium-grade</td><td style="width: 1%"> </td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"> </td><td style="width: 9%; text-align: right">3,578</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"> </td><td style="width: 1%"> </td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"> </td><td style="width: 9%; text-align: right">1,783</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"> </td><td style="width: 1%"> </td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"> </td><td style="width: 9%; text-align: right">1,824</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; "> <td style="text-indent: -9pt; padding-left: 9pt">First-grade</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">5,806</td><td style="text-align: left"> </td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">3,260</td><td style="text-align: left"> </td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">3,409</td><td style="text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="text-indent: -9pt; padding-left: 9pt">Second-grade</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">5,088</td><td style="text-align: left"> </td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">3,029</td><td style="text-align: left"> </td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">2,397</td><td style="text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; "> <td style="text-indent: -9pt; padding-left: 9pt">Third-grade</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">5,413</td><td style="text-align: left"> </td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">3,159</td><td style="text-align: left"> </td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">2,284</td><td style="text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="text-align: left; text-indent: -9pt; padding-left: 9pt">Sales of primarily-processed black teas</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right"> </td><td style="text-align: left"> </td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right"> </td><td style="text-align: left"> </td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right"> </td><td style="text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; "> <td style="text-indent: -9pt; padding-left: 9pt">Premium-grade</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">691</td><td style="text-align: left"> </td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">449</td><td style="text-align: left"> </td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">434</td><td style="text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="text-indent: -9pt; padding-left: 9pt">First-grade</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">1,176</td><td style="text-align: left"> </td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">776</td><td style="text-align: left"> </td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">754</td><td style="text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; "> <td style="text-indent: -9pt; padding-left: 9pt">Second-grade</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">900</td><td style="text-align: left"> </td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">690</td><td style="text-align: left"> </td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">581</td><td style="text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="text-indent: -9pt; padding-left: 9pt">Third-grade</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">1,031</td><td style="text-align: left"> </td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">669</td><td style="text-align: left"> </td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">530</td><td style="text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; "> <td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-indent: -9pt; padding-left: 9pt">Sales of refined teas</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"> </td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">439</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"> </td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"> </td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">1,199</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"> </td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"> </td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">6</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="padding-bottom: 4pt; text-indent: -9pt; padding-left: 9pt"> </td><td style="padding-bottom: 4pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: left"> </td><td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: right">24,122</td><td style="padding-bottom: 4pt; text-align: left"> </td><td style="padding-bottom: 4pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: left"> </td><td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: right">15,014</td><td style="padding-bottom: 4pt; text-align: left"> </td><td style="padding-bottom: 4pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: left"> </td><td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: right">12,219</td><td style="padding-bottom: 4pt; text-align: left"> </td></tr> </table> 3578000 1783000 1824000 5806000 3260000 3409000 5088000 3029000 2397000 5413000 3159000 2284000 691000 449000 434000 1176000 776000 754000 900000 690000 581000 1031000 669000 530000 439000 1199000 6000 24122000 15014000 12219000 The Company’s CODM assesses performance and allocates resources based on two reporting segments: primarily-processed teas and refined teas. 2 <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in">Information by operating segment is as follows:</p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"> </p> <table cellpadding="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-spacing: 0px;"> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td style="text-align: center"> </td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td colspan="10" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">Year ended <br/> December 31,</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td style="text-align: center"> </td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">2023</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"> </td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">2024</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"> </td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">2025</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td style="text-align: center"> </td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">USD’000</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"> </td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">USD’000</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"> </td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">USD’000</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td style="font-weight: bold">Revenues:</td><td> </td> <td colspan="2"> </td><td> </td><td> </td> <td colspan="2" style="text-align: right"> </td><td> </td><td> </td> <td colspan="2" style="text-align: right"> </td><td> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="width: 64%; text-align: left; text-indent: -9pt; padding-left: 9pt">Sales of primarily-processed teas</td><td style="width: 1%"> </td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"> </td><td style="width: 9%; text-align: right">23,683</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"> </td><td style="width: 1%"> </td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"> </td><td style="width: 9%; text-align: right">13,815</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"> </td><td style="width: 1%"> </td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"> </td><td style="width: 9%; text-align: right">12,213</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; "> <td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-indent: -9pt; padding-left: 9pt">Sales of refined teas</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"> </td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">439</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"> </td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"> </td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">1,199</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"> </td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"> </td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">6</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-indent: -9pt; padding-left: 9pt"> </td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"> </td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">24,122</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"> </td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"> </td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">15,014</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"> </td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"> </td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">12,219</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; "> <td style="font-weight: bold; text-indent: -9pt; padding-left: 9pt">Cost of sales:</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right"> </td><td style="text-align: left"> </td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right"> </td><td style="text-align: left"> </td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right"> </td><td style="text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="text-align: left; text-indent: -9pt; padding-left: 9pt">Sales of primarily-processed teas</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">11,269</td><td style="text-align: left"> </td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">10,427</td><td style="text-align: left"> </td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">10,900</td><td style="text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; "> <td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-indent: -9pt; padding-left: 9pt">Sales of refined teas</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"> </td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">69</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"> </td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"> </td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">657</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"> </td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"> </td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">5</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-indent: -9pt; padding-left: 9pt"> </td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"> </td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">11,338</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"> </td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"> </td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">11,084</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"> </td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"> </td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">10,905</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; "> <td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left; text-indent: -9pt; padding-left: 9pt">Segment results:</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right"> </td><td style="text-align: left"> </td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right"> </td><td style="text-align: left"> </td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right"> </td><td style="text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="text-align: left; text-indent: -9pt; padding-left: 9pt">Sales of primarily-processed teas</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">12,414</td><td style="text-align: left"> </td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">3,388</td><td style="text-align: left"> </td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">1,313</td><td style="text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; "> <td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-indent: -9pt; padding-left: 9pt">Sales of refined teas</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"> </td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">370</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"> </td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"> </td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">542</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"> </td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"> </td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">1</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="padding-bottom: 4pt; text-indent: -9pt; padding-left: 9pt"> </td><td style="padding-bottom: 4pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: left"> </td><td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: right">12,784</td><td style="padding-bottom: 4pt; text-align: left"> </td><td style="padding-bottom: 4pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: left"> </td><td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: right">3,930</td><td style="padding-bottom: 4pt; text-align: left"> </td><td style="padding-bottom: 4pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: left"> </td><td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: right">1,314</td><td style="padding-bottom: 4pt; text-align: left"> </td></tr> </table> 23683000 13815000 12213000 439000 1199000 6000 24122000 15014000 12219000 11269000 10427000 10900000 69000 657000 5000 11338000 11084000 10905000 12414000 3388000 1313000 370000 542000 1000 12784000 3930000 1314000 0.10 <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt -0.25in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><b>4. Other income and loss, net</b></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt -0.25in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><b> </b></p> <table cellpadding="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-spacing: 0px;"> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td style="text-align: center"> </td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td colspan="10" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">Year ended <br/> December 31,</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td style="text-align: center"> </td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">2023</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"> </td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">2024</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"> </td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">2025</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td style="text-align: center"> </td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">USD’000</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"> </td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">USD’000</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"> </td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">USD’000</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td>Other income and loss</td><td> </td> <td colspan="2"> </td><td> </td><td> </td> <td colspan="2" style="text-align: right"> </td><td> </td><td> </td> <td colspan="2" style="text-align: right"> </td><td> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="width: 64%; text-align: left; text-indent: -9pt; padding-left: 9pt">– Bank interest income</td><td style="width: 1%"> </td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"> </td><td style="width: 9%; text-align: right">80</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"> </td><td style="width: 1%"> </td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"> </td><td style="width: 9%; text-align: right">78</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"> </td><td style="width: 1%"> </td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"> </td><td style="width: 9%; text-align: right">86</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; "> <td style="text-align: left; text-indent: -9pt; padding-left: 9pt">– Government grants</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">46</td><td style="text-align: left"> </td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">16</td><td style="text-align: left"> </td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">21</td><td style="text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-indent: -9pt; padding-left: 9pt">– Exchange (loss) gain</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"> </td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"><div style="-sec-ix-hidden: hidden-fact-79">—</div></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"> </td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"> </td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">(21</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left">)</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"> </td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"><div style="-sec-ix-hidden: hidden-fact-80">—</div></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; "> <td style="padding-bottom: 4pt; text-indent: -9pt; padding-left: 9pt"> </td><td style="padding-bottom: 4pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: left"> </td><td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: right">126</td><td style="padding-bottom: 4pt; text-align: left"> </td><td style="padding-bottom: 4pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: left"> </td><td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: right">73</td><td style="padding-bottom: 4pt; text-align: left"> </td><td style="padding-bottom: 4pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: left"> </td><td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: right">107</td><td style="padding-bottom: 4pt; text-align: left"> </td></tr> </table> <table cellpadding="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-spacing: 0px;"> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td style="text-align: center"> </td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td colspan="10" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">Year ended <br/> December 31,</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td style="text-align: center"> </td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">2023</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"> </td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">2024</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"> </td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">2025</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td style="text-align: center"> </td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">USD’000</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"> </td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">USD’000</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"> </td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">USD’000</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td>Other income and loss</td><td> </td> <td colspan="2"> </td><td> </td><td> </td> <td colspan="2" style="text-align: right"> </td><td> </td><td> </td> <td colspan="2" style="text-align: right"> </td><td> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="width: 64%; text-align: left; text-indent: -9pt; padding-left: 9pt">– Bank interest income</td><td style="width: 1%"> </td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"> </td><td style="width: 9%; text-align: right">80</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"> </td><td style="width: 1%"> </td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"> </td><td style="width: 9%; text-align: right">78</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"> </td><td style="width: 1%"> </td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"> </td><td style="width: 9%; text-align: right">86</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; "> <td style="text-align: left; text-indent: -9pt; padding-left: 9pt">– Government grants</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">46</td><td style="text-align: left"> </td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">16</td><td style="text-align: left"> </td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">21</td><td style="text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-indent: -9pt; padding-left: 9pt">– Exchange (loss) gain</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"> </td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"><div style="-sec-ix-hidden: hidden-fact-79">—</div></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"> </td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"> </td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">(21</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left">)</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"> </td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"><div style="-sec-ix-hidden: hidden-fact-80">—</div></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; "> <td style="padding-bottom: 4pt; text-indent: -9pt; padding-left: 9pt"> </td><td style="padding-bottom: 4pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: left"> </td><td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: right">126</td><td style="padding-bottom: 4pt; text-align: left"> </td><td style="padding-bottom: 4pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: left"> </td><td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: right">73</td><td style="padding-bottom: 4pt; text-align: left"> </td><td style="padding-bottom: 4pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: left"> </td><td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: right">107</td><td style="padding-bottom: 4pt; text-align: left"> </td></tr> </table> 80000 78000 86000 46000 16000 21000 21000 126000 73000 107000 <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt -0.25in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><b>5. Finance costs</b></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt -0.25in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><b> </b></p> <table cellpadding="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-spacing: 0px;"> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td style="text-align: center"> </td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td colspan="10" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">Year ended<br/> December 31,</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td style="text-align: center"> </td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">2023</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"> </td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">2024</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"> </td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">2025</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td style="text-align: center"> </td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">USD’000</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"> </td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">USD’000</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"> </td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">USD’000</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="width: 64%; text-align: left; text-indent: -9pt; padding-left: 9pt">Interest on bank overdraft</td><td style="width: 1%"> </td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"> </td><td style="width: 9%; text-align: right">132</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"> </td><td style="width: 1%"> </td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"> </td><td style="width: 9%; text-align: right">136</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"> </td><td style="width: 1%"> </td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"> </td><td style="width: 9%; text-align: right">—</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; "> <td style="text-align: left; text-indent: -9pt; padding-left: 9pt">Interest on bank borrowings</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">4</td><td style="text-align: left"> </td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">1</td><td style="text-align: left"> </td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">3</td><td style="text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-indent: -9pt; padding-left: 9pt">Interest on leases</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"> </td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">13</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"> </td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"> </td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">13</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"> </td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"> </td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">12</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; "> <td style="padding-bottom: 4pt; text-indent: -9pt; padding-left: 9pt"> </td><td style="padding-bottom: 4pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: left"> </td><td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: right">149</td><td style="padding-bottom: 4pt; text-align: left"> </td><td style="padding-bottom: 4pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: left"> </td><td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: right">150</td><td style="padding-bottom: 4pt; text-align: left"> </td><td style="padding-bottom: 4pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: left"> </td><td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: right">15</td><td style="padding-bottom: 4pt; text-align: left"> </td></tr> </table> <table cellpadding="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-spacing: 0px;"> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td style="text-align: center"> </td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td colspan="10" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">Year ended<br/> December 31,</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td style="text-align: center"> </td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">2023</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"> </td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">2024</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"> </td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">2025</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td style="text-align: center"> </td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">USD’000</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"> </td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">USD’000</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"> </td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">USD’000</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="width: 64%; text-align: left; text-indent: -9pt; padding-left: 9pt">Interest on bank overdraft</td><td style="width: 1%"> </td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"> </td><td style="width: 9%; text-align: right">132</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"> </td><td style="width: 1%"> </td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"> </td><td style="width: 9%; text-align: right">136</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"> </td><td style="width: 1%"> </td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"> </td><td style="width: 9%; text-align: right">—</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; "> <td style="text-align: left; text-indent: -9pt; padding-left: 9pt">Interest on bank borrowings</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">4</td><td style="text-align: left"> </td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">1</td><td style="text-align: left"> </td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">3</td><td style="text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-indent: -9pt; padding-left: 9pt">Interest on leases</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"> </td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">13</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"> </td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"> </td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">13</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"> </td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"> </td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">12</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; "> <td style="padding-bottom: 4pt; text-indent: -9pt; padding-left: 9pt"> </td><td style="padding-bottom: 4pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: left"> </td><td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: right">149</td><td style="padding-bottom: 4pt; text-align: left"> </td><td style="padding-bottom: 4pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: left"> </td><td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: right">150</td><td style="padding-bottom: 4pt; text-align: left"> </td><td style="padding-bottom: 4pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: left"> </td><td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: right">15</td><td style="padding-bottom: 4pt; text-align: left"> </td></tr> </table> 132000 136000 4000 1000 3000 13000 13000 12000 149000 150000 15000 <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt -0.25in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><b>6. Profit before taxation</b></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"> </p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in">Profit (loss) before taxation is arrived at after charging:</p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"> </p> <table cellpadding="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-spacing: 0px;"> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: center"> </td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"> </td> <td colspan="10" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center">Year ended <br/> December 31,</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td style="text-align: center"> </td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">2023</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"> </td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">2024</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"> </td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">2025</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td style="text-align: center"> </td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">USD’000</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"> </td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">USD’000</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"> </td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">USD’000</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td>Staff costs</td><td> </td> <td colspan="2"> </td><td> </td><td> </td> <td colspan="2"> </td><td> </td><td> </td> <td colspan="2"> </td><td> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="width: 64%; text-align: left; text-indent: -9pt; padding-left: 9pt">Salaries and other benefits</td><td style="width: 1%"> </td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"> </td><td style="width: 9%; text-align: right">444</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"> </td><td style="width: 1%"> </td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"> </td><td style="width: 9%; text-align: right">518</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"> </td><td style="width: 1%"> </td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"> </td><td style="width: 9%; text-align: right">511</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; "> <td style="text-align: left; text-indent: -9pt; padding-left: 9pt">Staff welfare</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right"><div style="-sec-ix-hidden: hidden-fact-81">—</div></td><td style="text-align: left"> </td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">1</td><td style="text-align: left"> </td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">9</td><td style="text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-indent: -9pt; padding-left: 9pt">Defined contribution retirement plan contributions</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"> </td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">89</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"> </td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"> </td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">90</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"> </td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"> </td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">98</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; "> <td style="padding-bottom: 4pt; text-indent: -9pt; padding-left: 9pt"> </td><td style="padding-bottom: 4pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: left"> </td><td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: right">533</td><td style="padding-bottom: 4pt; text-align: left"> </td><td style="padding-bottom: 4pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: left"> </td><td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: right">609</td><td style="padding-bottom: 4pt; text-align: left"> </td><td style="padding-bottom: 4pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: left"> </td><td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: right">618</td><td style="padding-bottom: 4pt; text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="text-align: left; text-indent: -9pt; padding-left: 9pt">Other items:</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right"> </td><td style="text-align: left"> </td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right"> </td><td style="text-align: left"> </td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right"> </td><td style="text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; "> <td style="text-align: left; text-indent: -9pt; padding-left: 9pt">Depreciation of property, plant and equipment</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">1,091</td><td style="text-align: left"> </td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">1,091</td><td style="text-align: left"> </td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">1,172</td><td style="text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="text-align: left; text-indent: -9pt; padding-left: 9pt">Depreciation of right-of-use assets</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">20</td><td style="text-align: left"> </td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">17</td><td style="text-align: left"> </td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">19</td><td style="text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; "> <td style="text-align: left; text-indent: -9pt; padding-left: 9pt">Directors’ remuneration</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">46</td><td style="text-align: left"> </td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">72</td><td style="text-align: left"> </td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">187</td><td style="text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="text-align: left; text-indent: -9pt; padding-left: 9pt">Expense for listing on Nasdaq Stock Exchange</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">731</td><td style="text-align: left"> </td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">708</td><td style="text-align: left"> </td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right"><div style="-sec-ix-hidden: hidden-fact-82">—</div></td><td style="text-align: left"> </td></tr> </table> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in">Profit (loss) before taxation is arrived at after charging:</p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"> </p> <table cellpadding="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-spacing: 0px;"> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: center"> </td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"> </td> <td colspan="10" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center">Year ended <br/> December 31,</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td style="text-align: center"> </td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">2023</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"> </td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">2024</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"> </td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">2025</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td style="text-align: center"> </td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">USD’000</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"> </td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">USD’000</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"> </td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">USD’000</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td>Staff costs</td><td> </td> <td colspan="2"> </td><td> </td><td> </td> <td colspan="2"> </td><td> </td><td> </td> <td colspan="2"> </td><td> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="width: 64%; text-align: left; text-indent: -9pt; padding-left: 9pt">Salaries and other benefits</td><td style="width: 1%"> </td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"> </td><td style="width: 9%; text-align: right">444</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"> </td><td style="width: 1%"> </td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"> </td><td style="width: 9%; text-align: right">518</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"> </td><td style="width: 1%"> </td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"> </td><td style="width: 9%; text-align: right">511</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; "> <td style="text-align: left; text-indent: -9pt; padding-left: 9pt">Staff welfare</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right"><div style="-sec-ix-hidden: hidden-fact-81">—</div></td><td style="text-align: left"> </td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">1</td><td style="text-align: left"> </td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">9</td><td style="text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-indent: -9pt; padding-left: 9pt">Defined contribution retirement plan contributions</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"> </td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">89</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"> </td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"> </td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">90</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"> </td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"> </td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">98</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; "> <td style="padding-bottom: 4pt; text-indent: -9pt; padding-left: 9pt"> </td><td style="padding-bottom: 4pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: left"> </td><td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: right">533</td><td style="padding-bottom: 4pt; text-align: left"> </td><td style="padding-bottom: 4pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: left"> </td><td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: right">609</td><td style="padding-bottom: 4pt; text-align: left"> </td><td style="padding-bottom: 4pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: left"> </td><td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: right">618</td><td style="padding-bottom: 4pt; text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="text-align: left; text-indent: -9pt; padding-left: 9pt">Other items:</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right"> </td><td style="text-align: left"> </td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right"> </td><td style="text-align: left"> </td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right"> </td><td style="text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; "> <td style="text-align: left; text-indent: -9pt; padding-left: 9pt">Depreciation of property, plant and equipment</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">1,091</td><td style="text-align: left"> </td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">1,091</td><td style="text-align: left"> </td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">1,172</td><td style="text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="text-align: left; text-indent: -9pt; padding-left: 9pt">Depreciation of right-of-use assets</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">20</td><td style="text-align: left"> </td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">17</td><td style="text-align: left"> </td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">19</td><td style="text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; "> <td style="text-align: left; text-indent: -9pt; padding-left: 9pt">Directors’ remuneration</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">46</td><td style="text-align: left"> </td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">72</td><td style="text-align: left"> </td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">187</td><td style="text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="text-align: left; text-indent: -9pt; padding-left: 9pt">Expense for listing on Nasdaq Stock Exchange</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">731</td><td style="text-align: left"> </td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">708</td><td style="text-align: left"> </td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right"><div style="-sec-ix-hidden: hidden-fact-82">—</div></td><td style="text-align: left"> </td></tr> </table> 444000 518000 511000 1000 9000 89000 90000 98000 533000 609000 618000 1091000 1091000 1172000 20000 17000 19000 46000 72000 187000 731000 708000 <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt -0.25in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><b>7. Income tax (benefit) expense</b></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt -0.25in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><b> </b></p> <table cellpadding="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-spacing: 0px;"> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td style="text-align: center"> </td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td colspan="10" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">Year ended <br/> December 31,</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td style="text-align: center"> </td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">2023</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"> </td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">2024</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"> </td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">2025</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td style="text-align: center"> </td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">USD’000</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"> </td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">USD’000</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"> </td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">USD’000</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td>PRC Enterprise Income Tax Expense</td><td> </td> <td colspan="2"> </td><td> </td><td> </td> <td colspan="2"> </td><td> </td><td> </td> <td colspan="2"> </td><td> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="width: 64%; text-align: left; text-indent: -9pt; padding-left: 9pt">Current year</td><td style="width: 1%"> </td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"> </td><td style="width: 9%; text-align: right">83</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"> </td><td style="width: 1%"> </td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"> </td><td style="width: 9%; text-align: right">38</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"> </td><td style="width: 1%"> </td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"> </td><td style="width: 9%; text-align: right">295</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; "> <td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-indent: -9pt; padding-left: 9pt">Deferred tax</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"> </td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">(201</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left">)</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"> </td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">(123</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left">)</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"> </td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">(113</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left">)</td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="padding-bottom: 4pt; text-indent: -9pt; padding-left: 9pt"> </td><td style="padding-bottom: 4pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: left"> </td><td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: right">(118</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left">)</td><td style="padding-bottom: 4pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: left"> </td><td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: right">(85</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left">)</td><td style="padding-bottom: 4pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: left"> </td><td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: right">182</td><td style="padding-bottom: 4pt; text-align: left"> </td></tr> </table> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"> </p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in">Pursuant to the rules and regulations of the Cayman Islands, the Group is not subject to any income tax under such jurisdiction.</p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"> </p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in">Pursuant to the International Business Companies Act, 1984 (the “IBC Act”) of the British Virgin Islands (the “BVI”), international business companies incorporated pursuant to the IBC Act enjoy a complete exemption from income tax. This includes an exemption from capital gains tax and all forms of withholding tax. Accordingly, the subsidiary incorporated in the BVI are not subject to tax. No Hong Kong profits tax has been provided as there was no assessable profit earned in or derived from Hong Kong for the years ended December 31, 2023, 2024 and 2025.</p><p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in">The National People’s Congress approved the Corporate Income Tax Law of the PRC (the “New CIT Law”) on 16 March 2007 and the State Council has announced the Detailed Implementation Regulations on 6 December 2007, which has been effective since 1 January 2008. According to the New CIT Law, the income tax rates for both domestic and foreign investment enterprises are unified at 25% effective from 1 January 2008. Pursuant to the relevant PRC tax rules and regulations, the Group’s income derived from the tea plantation is subject to preferential income tax rates of 0% – 12.5%. During the year ended December 31, 2025 and 2024, the income taxes paid by the Company were from one subsidiary situated in the PRC.</p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"> </p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in">A reconciliation between income tax (benefit) expense and profit (loss) before taxation at tax rates applicable to each subsidiary is set out below:</p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"> </p> <table cellpadding="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-spacing: 0px;"> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td> </td><td style="font-weight: bold"> </td> <td colspan="10" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center">Year ended<br/> December 31,</td><td style="font-weight: bold"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td> </td><td style="font-weight: bold"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center">2023</td><td style="font-weight: bold"> </td><td style="font-weight: bold"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center">2024</td><td style="font-weight: bold"> </td><td style="font-weight: bold"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center">2025</td><td style="font-weight: bold"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td> </td><td style="font-weight: bold"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center">USD’000</td><td style="font-weight: bold"> </td><td style="font-weight: bold"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center">USD’000</td><td style="font-weight: bold"> </td><td style="font-weight: bold"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center">USD’000</td><td style="font-weight: bold"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="width: 64%; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 4pt; text-indent: -9pt; padding-left: 9pt">Profit before taxation</td><td style="width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4pt"> </td> <td style="width: 1%; border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: left"> </td><td style="width: 9%; border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: right">11,383</td><td style="width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4pt; text-align: left"> </td><td style="width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4pt"> </td> <td style="width: 1%; border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: left"> </td><td style="width: 9%; border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: right">2,003</td><td style="width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4pt; text-align: left"> </td><td style="width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4pt"> </td> <td style="width: 1%; border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: left"> </td><td style="width: 9%; border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: right">863</td><td style="width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4pt; text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; "> <td style="text-indent: -9pt; padding-left: 9pt"> </td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right"> </td><td style="text-align: left"> </td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right"> </td><td style="text-align: left"> </td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right"> </td><td style="text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="text-align: left; text-indent: -9pt; padding-left: 9pt">Taxation at the applicable tax rate</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">2,898</td><td style="text-align: left"> </td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">597</td><td style="text-align: left"> </td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">199</td><td style="text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; "> <td style="text-align: left; text-indent: -9pt; padding-left: 9pt">Tax effect of preferential tax rates for tea plantation in the PRC</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">(3,132</td><td style="text-align: left">)</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">(1,023</td><td style="text-align: left">)</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">(301</td><td style="text-align: left">)</td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="text-align: left; text-indent: -9pt; padding-left: 9pt">Tax effect of non-deductible expenses</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">159</td><td style="text-align: left"> </td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">221</td><td style="text-align: left"> </td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">256</td><td style="text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; "> <td style="text-align: left; text-indent: -9pt; padding-left: 9pt">Tax effect of non-taxable income</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right"><div style="-sec-ix-hidden: hidden-fact-83">—</div></td><td style="text-align: left"> </td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right"><div style="-sec-ix-hidden: hidden-fact-84">—</div></td><td style="text-align: left"> </td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">(276</td><td style="text-align: left">)</td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="text-align: left; text-indent: -9pt; padding-left: 9pt">Tax effect of tax losses unrecognized</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right"><div style="-sec-ix-hidden: hidden-fact-85">—</div></td><td style="text-align: left"> </td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">95</td><td style="text-align: left"> </td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">78</td><td style="text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; "> <td style="text-align: left; text-indent: -9pt; padding-left: 9pt">Tax effect of tax losses expired</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right"><div style="-sec-ix-hidden: hidden-fact-86">—</div></td><td style="text-align: left"> </td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right"><div style="-sec-ix-hidden: hidden-fact-87">—</div></td><td style="text-align: left"> </td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">83</td><td style="text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-indent: -9pt; padding-left: 9pt">(Over) under-provision in prior year</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"> </td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">(43</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left">)</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"> </td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">25</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"> </td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"> </td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">143</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; "> <td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 4pt; text-indent: -9pt; padding-left: 9pt">Income tax (benefit) expense</td><td style="padding-bottom: 4pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: left"> </td><td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: right">(118</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left">)</td><td style="padding-bottom: 4pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: left"> </td><td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: right">(85</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left">)</td><td style="padding-bottom: 4pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: left"> </td><td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: right">182</td><td style="padding-bottom: 4pt; text-align: left"> </td></tr> </table> <table cellpadding="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-spacing: 0px;"> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td style="text-align: center"> </td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td colspan="10" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">Year ended <br/> December 31,</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td style="text-align: center"> </td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">2023</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"> </td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">2024</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"> </td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">2025</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td style="text-align: center"> </td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">USD’000</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"> </td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">USD’000</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"> </td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">USD’000</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td>PRC Enterprise Income Tax Expense</td><td> </td> <td colspan="2"> </td><td> </td><td> </td> <td colspan="2"> </td><td> </td><td> </td> <td colspan="2"> </td><td> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="width: 64%; text-align: left; text-indent: -9pt; padding-left: 9pt">Current year</td><td style="width: 1%"> </td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"> </td><td style="width: 9%; text-align: right">83</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"> </td><td style="width: 1%"> </td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"> </td><td style="width: 9%; text-align: right">38</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"> </td><td style="width: 1%"> </td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"> </td><td style="width: 9%; text-align: right">295</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; "> <td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-indent: -9pt; padding-left: 9pt">Deferred tax</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"> </td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">(201</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left">)</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"> </td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">(123</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left">)</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"> </td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">(113</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left">)</td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="padding-bottom: 4pt; text-indent: -9pt; padding-left: 9pt"> </td><td style="padding-bottom: 4pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: left"> </td><td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: right">(118</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left">)</td><td style="padding-bottom: 4pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: left"> </td><td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: right">(85</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left">)</td><td style="padding-bottom: 4pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: left"> </td><td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: right">182</td><td style="padding-bottom: 4pt; text-align: left"> </td></tr> </table> 83000 38000 295000 -201000 -123000 -113000 -118000 -85000 182000 0.25 0 0.125 <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in">A reconciliation between income tax (benefit) expense and profit (loss) before taxation at tax rates applicable to each subsidiary is set out below:</p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"> </p> <table cellpadding="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-spacing: 0px;"> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td> </td><td style="font-weight: bold"> </td> <td colspan="10" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center">Year ended<br/> December 31,</td><td style="font-weight: bold"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td> </td><td style="font-weight: bold"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center">2023</td><td style="font-weight: bold"> </td><td style="font-weight: bold"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center">2024</td><td style="font-weight: bold"> </td><td style="font-weight: bold"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center">2025</td><td style="font-weight: bold"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td> </td><td style="font-weight: bold"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center">USD’000</td><td style="font-weight: bold"> </td><td style="font-weight: bold"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center">USD’000</td><td style="font-weight: bold"> </td><td style="font-weight: bold"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center">USD’000</td><td style="font-weight: bold"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="width: 64%; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 4pt; text-indent: -9pt; padding-left: 9pt">Profit before taxation</td><td style="width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4pt"> </td> <td style="width: 1%; border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: left"> </td><td style="width: 9%; border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: right">11,383</td><td style="width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4pt; text-align: left"> </td><td style="width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4pt"> </td> <td style="width: 1%; border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: left"> </td><td style="width: 9%; border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: right">2,003</td><td style="width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4pt; text-align: left"> </td><td style="width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4pt"> </td> <td style="width: 1%; border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: left"> </td><td style="width: 9%; border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: right">863</td><td style="width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4pt; text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; "> <td style="text-indent: -9pt; padding-left: 9pt"> </td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right"> </td><td style="text-align: left"> </td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right"> </td><td style="text-align: left"> </td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right"> </td><td style="text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="text-align: left; text-indent: -9pt; padding-left: 9pt">Taxation at the applicable tax rate</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">2,898</td><td style="text-align: left"> </td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">597</td><td style="text-align: left"> </td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">199</td><td style="text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; "> <td style="text-align: left; text-indent: -9pt; padding-left: 9pt">Tax effect of preferential tax rates for tea plantation in the PRC</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">(3,132</td><td style="text-align: left">)</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">(1,023</td><td style="text-align: left">)</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">(301</td><td style="text-align: left">)</td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="text-align: left; text-indent: -9pt; padding-left: 9pt">Tax effect of non-deductible expenses</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">159</td><td style="text-align: left"> </td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">221</td><td style="text-align: left"> </td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">256</td><td style="text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; "> <td style="text-align: left; text-indent: -9pt; padding-left: 9pt">Tax effect of non-taxable income</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right"><div style="-sec-ix-hidden: hidden-fact-83">—</div></td><td style="text-align: left"> </td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right"><div style="-sec-ix-hidden: hidden-fact-84">—</div></td><td style="text-align: left"> </td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">(276</td><td style="text-align: left">)</td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="text-align: left; text-indent: -9pt; padding-left: 9pt">Tax effect of tax losses unrecognized</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right"><div style="-sec-ix-hidden: hidden-fact-85">—</div></td><td style="text-align: left"> </td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">95</td><td style="text-align: left"> </td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">78</td><td style="text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; "> <td style="text-align: left; text-indent: -9pt; padding-left: 9pt">Tax effect of tax losses expired</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right"><div style="-sec-ix-hidden: hidden-fact-86">—</div></td><td style="text-align: left"> </td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right"><div style="-sec-ix-hidden: hidden-fact-87">—</div></td><td style="text-align: left"> </td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">83</td><td style="text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-indent: -9pt; padding-left: 9pt">(Over) under-provision in prior year</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"> </td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">(43</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left">)</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"> </td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">25</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"> </td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"> </td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">143</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; "> <td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 4pt; text-indent: -9pt; padding-left: 9pt">Income tax (benefit) expense</td><td style="padding-bottom: 4pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: left"> </td><td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: right">(118</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left">)</td><td style="padding-bottom: 4pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: left"> </td><td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: right">(85</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left">)</td><td style="padding-bottom: 4pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: left"> </td><td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: right">182</td><td style="padding-bottom: 4pt; text-align: left"> </td></tr> </table> 11383000 2003000 863000 2898000 597000 199000 -3132000 -1023000 -301000 159000 221000 256000 276000 95000 78000 83000 -43000 25000 143000 -118000 -85000 182000 <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt -0.25in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><b>8. Cash and cash equivalents</b></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt -0.25in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><b> </b></p> <table cellpadding="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-spacing: 0px;"> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="font-weight: bold"> </td> <td colspan="6" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center">As of<br/> December 31,</td><td style="font-weight: bold"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="font-weight: bold"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center">2024</td><td style="font-weight: bold"> </td><td style="font-weight: bold"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center">2025</td><td style="font-weight: bold"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="font-weight: bold"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center">USD’000</td><td style="font-weight: bold"> </td><td style="font-weight: bold"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center">USD’000</td><td style="font-weight: bold"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="width: 76%; text-align: left; text-indent: -9pt; padding-left: 9pt">Cash at banks</td><td style="width: 1%"> </td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"> </td><td style="width: 9%; text-align: right">43,008</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"> </td><td style="width: 1%"> </td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"> </td><td style="width: 9%; text-align: right">48,410</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; "> <td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-indent: -9pt; padding-left: 9pt">Cash on hand</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"> </td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">7</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"> </td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"> </td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">2</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 4pt; text-indent: -9pt; padding-left: 9pt">Cash and cash equivalents presented in the consolidated statements of cash flows</td><td style="padding-bottom: 4pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: left"> </td><td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: right">43,015</td><td style="padding-bottom: 4pt; text-align: left"> </td><td style="padding-bottom: 4pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: left"> </td><td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: right">48,412</td><td style="padding-bottom: 4pt; text-align: left"> </td></tr> </table> <table cellpadding="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-spacing: 0px;"> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="font-weight: bold"> </td> <td colspan="6" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center">As of<br/> December 31,</td><td style="font-weight: bold"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="font-weight: bold"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center">2024</td><td style="font-weight: bold"> </td><td style="font-weight: bold"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center">2025</td><td style="font-weight: bold"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="font-weight: bold"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center">USD’000</td><td style="font-weight: bold"> </td><td style="font-weight: bold"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center">USD’000</td><td style="font-weight: bold"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="width: 76%; text-align: left; text-indent: -9pt; padding-left: 9pt">Cash at banks</td><td style="width: 1%"> </td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"> </td><td style="width: 9%; text-align: right">43,008</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"> </td><td style="width: 1%"> </td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"> </td><td style="width: 9%; text-align: right">48,410</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; "> <td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-indent: -9pt; padding-left: 9pt">Cash on hand</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"> </td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">7</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"> </td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"> </td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">2</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 4pt; text-indent: -9pt; padding-left: 9pt">Cash and cash equivalents presented in the consolidated statements of cash flows</td><td style="padding-bottom: 4pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: left"> </td><td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: right">43,015</td><td style="padding-bottom: 4pt; text-align: left"> </td><td style="padding-bottom: 4pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: left"> </td><td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: right">48,412</td><td style="padding-bottom: 4pt; text-align: left"> </td></tr> </table> 43008000 48410000 7000 2000 43015000 48412000 <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt -0.25in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><b>9. Trade receivables</b></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt -0.25in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><b> </b></p> <table cellpadding="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-spacing: 0px;"> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td> </td><td style="font-weight: bold"> </td> <td colspan="6" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center">As of<br/> December 31,</td><td style="font-weight: bold"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td> </td><td style="font-weight: bold"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center">2024</td><td style="font-weight: bold"> </td><td style="font-weight: bold"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center">2025</td><td style="font-weight: bold"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td> </td><td style="font-weight: bold"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center">USD’000</td><td style="font-weight: bold"> </td><td style="font-weight: bold"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center">USD’000</td><td style="font-weight: bold"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="width: 76%; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 4pt">Trade receivables</td><td style="width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4pt"> </td> <td style="width: 1%; border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: left"> </td><td style="width: 9%; border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: right">681</td><td style="width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4pt; text-align: left"> </td><td style="width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4pt"> </td> <td style="width: 1%; border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: left"> </td><td style="width: 9%; border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: right">762</td><td style="width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4pt; text-align: left"> </td></tr> </table> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"> </p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in">The Group normally allows credit terms of 60 days to its customers. The Group seeks to maintain strict control over its outstanding receivables. Overdue balances are reviewed regularly by the directors.</p><p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in">The Company’s top five customers accounted for 43% and 53% of accounts receivable as of December 31, 2025 and 2024, respectively. As of December 31, 2025 and 2024, 1 customer and 3 customers accounted for over 10% of the total accounts receivable, respectively.</p> <table cellpadding="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-spacing: 0px;"> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td> </td><td style="font-weight: bold"> </td> <td colspan="6" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center">As of<br/> December 31,</td><td style="font-weight: bold"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td> </td><td style="font-weight: bold"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center">2024</td><td style="font-weight: bold"> </td><td style="font-weight: bold"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center">2025</td><td style="font-weight: bold"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td> </td><td style="font-weight: bold"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center">USD’000</td><td style="font-weight: bold"> </td><td style="font-weight: bold"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center">USD’000</td><td style="font-weight: bold"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="width: 76%; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 4pt">Trade receivables</td><td style="width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4pt"> </td> <td style="width: 1%; border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: left"> </td><td style="width: 9%; border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: right">681</td><td style="width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4pt; text-align: left"> </td><td style="width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4pt"> </td> <td style="width: 1%; border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: left"> </td><td style="width: 9%; border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: right">762</td><td style="width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4pt; text-align: left"> </td></tr> </table> 681000 762000 0.43 0.53 0.10 0.10 <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt -0.25in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><b>10. Inventories</b></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt -0.25in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><b> </b></p> <table cellpadding="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-spacing: 0px;"> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"> </td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td colspan="6" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">As of <br/> December 31,</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"> </td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">2024</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"> </td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">2025</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"> </td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">USD’000</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"> </td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">USD’000</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="width: 76%; text-align: left">Raw materials</td><td style="width: 1%"> </td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"> </td><td style="width: 9%; text-align: right">295</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"> </td><td style="width: 1%"> </td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"> </td><td style="width: 9%; text-align: right">299</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; "> <td style="text-align: left">Packaging and other materials</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">4</td><td style="text-align: left"> </td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">4</td><td style="text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="text-align: left">Growing leaves</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">1,257</td><td style="text-align: left"> </td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">1,321</td><td style="text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; "> <td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">Finished goods</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"> </td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">313</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"> </td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"> </td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">655</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 4pt"> </td><td style="padding-bottom: 4pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: left"> </td><td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: right">1,869</td><td style="padding-bottom: 4pt; text-align: left"> </td><td style="padding-bottom: 4pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: left"> </td><td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: right">2,279</td><td style="padding-bottom: 4pt; text-align: left"> </td></tr> </table> <table cellpadding="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-spacing: 0px;"> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"> </td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td colspan="6" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">As of <br/> December 31,</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"> </td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">2024</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"> </td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">2025</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"> </td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">USD’000</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"> </td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">USD’000</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="width: 76%; text-align: left">Raw materials</td><td style="width: 1%"> </td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"> </td><td style="width: 9%; text-align: right">295</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"> </td><td style="width: 1%"> </td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"> </td><td style="width: 9%; text-align: right">299</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; "> <td style="text-align: left">Packaging and other materials</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">4</td><td style="text-align: left"> </td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">4</td><td style="text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="text-align: left">Growing leaves</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">1,257</td><td style="text-align: left"> </td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">1,321</td><td style="text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; "> <td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">Finished goods</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"> </td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">313</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"> </td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"> </td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">655</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 4pt"> </td><td style="padding-bottom: 4pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: left"> </td><td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: right">1,869</td><td style="padding-bottom: 4pt; text-align: left"> </td><td style="padding-bottom: 4pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: left"> </td><td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: right">2,279</td><td style="padding-bottom: 4pt; text-align: left"> </td></tr> </table> 295000 299000 4000 4000 1257000 1321000 313000 655000 1869000 2279000 <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt -0.25in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><b>11. Property, plant and equipment</b></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt -0.25in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><b> </b></p> <table cellpadding="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-spacing: 0px;"> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td> </td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td colspan="10" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">At December 31, 2024</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td> </td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">Original <br/> cost</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"> </td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">Accumulated <br/> depreciation</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"> </td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">Assets <br/> net</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td> </td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">USD’000</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"> </td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">USD’000</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"> </td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">USD’000</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="width: 64%; text-align: left">Bearer plant</td><td style="width: 1%"> </td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"> </td><td style="width: 9%; text-align: right">31,009</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"> </td><td style="width: 1%"> </td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"> </td><td style="width: 9%; text-align: right">5,558</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"> </td><td style="width: 1%"> </td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"> </td><td style="width: 9%; text-align: right">25,451</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; "> <td>Buildings</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">516</td><td style="text-align: left"> </td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">306</td><td style="text-align: left"> </td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">210</td><td style="text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="text-align: left">Plant and machinery</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">483</td><td style="text-align: left"> </td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">454</td><td style="text-align: left"> </td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">29</td><td style="text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; "> <td style="text-align: left">Fixtures and equipment</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">18</td><td style="text-align: left"> </td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">18</td><td style="text-align: left"> </td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right"><div style="-sec-ix-hidden: hidden-fact-88">—</div></td><td style="text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="text-align: left">Motor vehicles</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">1</td><td style="text-align: left"> </td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">1</td><td style="text-align: left"> </td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right"><div style="-sec-ix-hidden: hidden-fact-89">—</div></td><td style="text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; "> <td>Software</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">20</td><td style="text-align: left"> </td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">20</td><td style="text-align: left"> </td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right"><div style="-sec-ix-hidden: hidden-fact-90">—</div></td><td style="text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">Leasehold improvements</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"> </td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">20</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"> </td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"> </td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">19</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"> </td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"> </td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">1</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; "> <td style="padding-bottom: 4pt"> </td><td style="padding-bottom: 4pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: left"> </td><td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: right">32,067</td><td style="padding-bottom: 4pt; text-align: left"> </td><td style="padding-bottom: 4pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: left"> </td><td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: right">6,376</td><td style="padding-bottom: 4pt; text-align: left"> </td><td style="padding-bottom: 4pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: left"> </td><td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: right">25,691</td><td style="padding-bottom: 4pt; text-align: left"> </td></tr> </table><table cellpadding="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-spacing: 0px;"> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td> </td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td colspan="10" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">At December 31, 2025</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td> </td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">Original <br/> cost</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"> </td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">Accumulated <br/> depreciation</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"> </td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">Assets <br/> net</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td> </td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">USD’000</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"> </td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">USD’000</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"> </td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">USD’000</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="width: 64%; text-align: left">Bearer plant</td><td style="width: 1%"> </td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"> </td><td style="width: 9%; text-align: right">32,369</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"> </td><td style="width: 1%"> </td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"> </td><td style="width: 9%; text-align: right">6,961</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"> </td><td style="width: 1%"> </td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"> </td><td style="width: 9%; text-align: right">25,408</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; "> <td>Buildings</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">580</td><td style="text-align: left"> </td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">350</td><td style="text-align: left"> </td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">230</td><td style="text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="text-align: left">Plant and machinery</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">504</td><td style="text-align: left"> </td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">475</td><td style="text-align: left"> </td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">29</td><td style="text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; "> <td style="text-align: left">Fixtures and equipment</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">18</td><td style="text-align: left"> </td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">18</td><td style="text-align: left"> </td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right"><div style="-sec-ix-hidden: hidden-fact-91">—</div></td><td style="text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="text-align: left">Motor vehicles</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">1</td><td style="text-align: left"> </td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">1</td><td style="text-align: left"> </td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right"><div style="-sec-ix-hidden: hidden-fact-92">—</div></td><td style="text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; "> <td>Software</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">137</td><td style="text-align: left"> </td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">33</td><td style="text-align: left"> </td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">104</td><td style="text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">Leasehold improvements</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"> </td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">20</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"> </td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"> </td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">20</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"> </td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"> </td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"><div style="-sec-ix-hidden: hidden-fact-93">—</div></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; "> <td style="padding-bottom: 4pt"> </td><td style="padding-bottom: 4pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: left"> </td><td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: right">33,629</td><td style="padding-bottom: 4pt; text-align: left"> </td><td style="padding-bottom: 4pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: left"> </td><td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: right">7,858</td><td style="padding-bottom: 4pt; text-align: left"> </td><td style="padding-bottom: 4pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: left"> </td><td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: right">25,771</td><td style="padding-bottom: 4pt; text-align: left"> </td></tr> </table> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"> </p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in">Depreciation expense for property, plant and equipment for the years ended December 31, 2023, 2024 and 2025 was <span style="-sec-ix-hidden: hidden-fact-94">USD1,091,000</span>, <span style="-sec-ix-hidden: hidden-fact-95">USD1,091,000</span> and <span style="-sec-ix-hidden: hidden-fact-96">USD1,172,000</span>, respectively.</p> <table cellpadding="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-spacing: 0px;"> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td> </td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td colspan="10" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">At December 31, 2024</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td> </td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">Original <br/> cost</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"> </td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">Accumulated <br/> depreciation</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"> </td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">Assets <br/> net</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td> </td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">USD’000</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"> </td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">USD’000</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"> </td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">USD’000</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="width: 64%; text-align: left">Bearer plant</td><td style="width: 1%"> </td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"> </td><td style="width: 9%; text-align: right">31,009</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"> </td><td style="width: 1%"> </td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"> </td><td style="width: 9%; text-align: right">5,558</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"> </td><td style="width: 1%"> </td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"> </td><td style="width: 9%; text-align: right">25,451</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; "> <td>Buildings</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">516</td><td style="text-align: left"> </td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">306</td><td style="text-align: left"> </td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">210</td><td style="text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="text-align: left">Plant and machinery</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">483</td><td style="text-align: left"> </td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">454</td><td style="text-align: left"> </td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">29</td><td style="text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; "> <td style="text-align: left">Fixtures and equipment</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">18</td><td style="text-align: left"> </td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">18</td><td style="text-align: left"> </td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right"><div style="-sec-ix-hidden: hidden-fact-88">—</div></td><td style="text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="text-align: left">Motor vehicles</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">1</td><td style="text-align: left"> </td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">1</td><td style="text-align: left"> </td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right"><div style="-sec-ix-hidden: hidden-fact-89">—</div></td><td style="text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; "> <td>Software</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">20</td><td style="text-align: left"> </td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">20</td><td style="text-align: left"> </td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right"><div style="-sec-ix-hidden: hidden-fact-90">—</div></td><td style="text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">Leasehold improvements</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"> </td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">20</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"> </td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"> </td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">19</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"> </td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"> </td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">1</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; "> <td style="padding-bottom: 4pt"> </td><td style="padding-bottom: 4pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: left"> </td><td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: right">32,067</td><td style="padding-bottom: 4pt; text-align: left"> </td><td style="padding-bottom: 4pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: left"> </td><td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: right">6,376</td><td style="padding-bottom: 4pt; text-align: left"> </td><td style="padding-bottom: 4pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: left"> </td><td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: right">25,691</td><td style="padding-bottom: 4pt; text-align: left"> </td></tr> </table><table cellpadding="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-spacing: 0px;"> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td> </td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td colspan="10" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">At December 31, 2025</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td> </td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">Original <br/> cost</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"> </td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">Accumulated <br/> depreciation</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"> </td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">Assets <br/> net</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td> </td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">USD’000</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"> </td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">USD’000</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"> </td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">USD’000</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="width: 64%; text-align: left">Bearer plant</td><td style="width: 1%"> </td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"> </td><td style="width: 9%; text-align: right">32,369</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"> </td><td style="width: 1%"> </td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"> </td><td style="width: 9%; text-align: right">6,961</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"> </td><td style="width: 1%"> </td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"> </td><td style="width: 9%; text-align: right">25,408</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; "> <td>Buildings</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">580</td><td style="text-align: left"> </td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">350</td><td style="text-align: left"> </td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">230</td><td style="text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="text-align: left">Plant and machinery</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">504</td><td style="text-align: left"> </td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">475</td><td style="text-align: left"> </td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">29</td><td style="text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; "> <td style="text-align: left">Fixtures and equipment</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">18</td><td style="text-align: left"> </td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">18</td><td style="text-align: left"> </td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right"><div style="-sec-ix-hidden: hidden-fact-91">—</div></td><td style="text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="text-align: left">Motor vehicles</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">1</td><td style="text-align: left"> </td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">1</td><td style="text-align: left"> </td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right"><div style="-sec-ix-hidden: hidden-fact-92">—</div></td><td style="text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; "> <td>Software</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">137</td><td style="text-align: left"> </td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">33</td><td style="text-align: left"> </td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">104</td><td style="text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">Leasehold improvements</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"> </td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">20</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"> </td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"> </td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">20</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"> </td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"> </td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"><div style="-sec-ix-hidden: hidden-fact-93">—</div></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; "> <td style="padding-bottom: 4pt"> </td><td style="padding-bottom: 4pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: left"> </td><td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: right">33,629</td><td style="padding-bottom: 4pt; text-align: left"> </td><td style="padding-bottom: 4pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: left"> </td><td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: right">7,858</td><td style="padding-bottom: 4pt; text-align: left"> </td><td style="padding-bottom: 4pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: left"> </td><td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: right">25,771</td><td style="padding-bottom: 4pt; text-align: left"> </td></tr> </table> 31009000 5558000 25451000 516000 306000 210000 483000 454000 29000 18000 18000 1000 1000 20000 20000 20000 19000 1000 32067000 6376000 25691000 32369000 6961000 25408000 580000 350000 230000 504000 475000 29000 18000 18000 1000 1000 137000 33000 104000 20000 20000 33629000 7858000 25771000 <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt -0.25in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><b>12. Deposits paid for non-current assets</b></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt -0.25in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><b> </b></p> <table cellpadding="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-spacing: 0px;"> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td style="text-align: center"> </td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td colspan="6" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">As of <br/> December 31,</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td style="text-align: center"> </td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">2024</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"> </td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">2025</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td style="text-align: center"> </td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">USD’000</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"> </td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">USD’000</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td>Deposits paid for:</td><td> </td> <td colspan="2" style="text-align: right"> </td><td> </td><td> </td> <td colspan="2" style="text-align: right"> </td><td> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="width: 76%; text-align: left; padding-left: 0.125in">Acquisition of property, plant and equipment</td><td style="width: 1%"> </td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"> </td><td style="width: 9%; text-align: right">103</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"> </td><td style="width: 1%"> </td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"> </td><td style="width: 9%; text-align: right"><div style="-sec-ix-hidden: hidden-fact-97">—</div></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; "> <td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; padding-left: 0.125in">Equity investment</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"> </td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"><div style="-sec-ix-hidden: hidden-fact-98">—</div></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"> </td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"> </td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">2,345</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="padding-bottom: 4pt"> </td><td style="padding-bottom: 4pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: left"> </td><td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: right">103</td><td style="padding-bottom: 4pt; text-align: left"> </td><td style="padding-bottom: 4pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: left"> </td><td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: right">2,345</td><td style="padding-bottom: 4pt; text-align: left"> </td></tr> </table> <table cellpadding="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-spacing: 0px;"> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td style="text-align: center"> </td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td colspan="6" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">As of <br/> December 31,</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td style="text-align: center"> </td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">2024</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"> </td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">2025</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td style="text-align: center"> </td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">USD’000</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"> </td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">USD’000</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td>Deposits paid for:</td><td> </td> <td colspan="2" style="text-align: right"> </td><td> </td><td> </td> <td colspan="2" style="text-align: right"> </td><td> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="width: 76%; text-align: left; padding-left: 0.125in">Acquisition of property, plant and equipment</td><td style="width: 1%"> </td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"> </td><td style="width: 9%; text-align: right">103</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"> </td><td style="width: 1%"> </td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"> </td><td style="width: 9%; text-align: right"><div style="-sec-ix-hidden: hidden-fact-97">—</div></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; "> <td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; padding-left: 0.125in">Equity investment</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"> </td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"><div style="-sec-ix-hidden: hidden-fact-98">—</div></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"> </td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"> </td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">2,345</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="padding-bottom: 4pt"> </td><td style="padding-bottom: 4pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: left"> </td><td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: right">103</td><td style="padding-bottom: 4pt; text-align: left"> </td><td style="padding-bottom: 4pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: left"> </td><td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: right">2,345</td><td style="padding-bottom: 4pt; text-align: left"> </td></tr> </table> 103000 2345000 103000 2345000 <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt -0.25in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><b>13. Leases</b></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"> </p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in">Below shows the movements of Right-of-use assets and lease liabilities presented in the consolidated statements of financial position:</p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"> </p> <table cellpadding="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-spacing: 0px;"> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td style="text-align: center"> </td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">Right-of-use <br/> assets</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"> </td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">Lease <br/> liabilities</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td style="text-align: center"> </td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">USD’000</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"> </td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">USD’000</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="width: 76%">As of 1/1/2024</td><td style="width: 1%"> </td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"> </td><td style="width: 9%; text-align: right">186</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"> </td><td style="width: 1%"> </td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"> </td><td style="width: 9%; text-align: right">216</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; "> <td style="text-align: left">Depreciation expense</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">(17</td><td style="text-align: left">)</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right"><div style="-sec-ix-hidden: hidden-fact-99">—</div></td><td style="text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="text-align: left">Interest expense</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right"><div style="-sec-ix-hidden: hidden-fact-100">—</div></td><td style="text-align: left"> </td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">13</td><td style="text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; "> <td>Payment</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right"><div style="-sec-ix-hidden: hidden-fact-101">—</div></td><td style="text-align: left"> </td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">(28</td><td style="text-align: left">)</td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="text-align: left">Exchange adjustments</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">(5</td><td style="text-align: left">)</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">(5</td><td style="text-align: left">)</td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; "> <td> </td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right"> </td><td style="text-align: left"> </td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right"> </td><td style="text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td>As of 31/12/2024</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">164</td><td style="text-align: left"> </td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">196</td><td style="text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; "> <td style="text-align: left">Depreciation expense</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">(19</td><td style="text-align: left">)</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right"><div style="-sec-ix-hidden: hidden-fact-102">—</div></td><td style="text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="text-align: left">Interest expense</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right"><div style="-sec-ix-hidden: hidden-fact-103">—</div></td><td style="text-align: left"> </td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">12</td><td style="text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; "> <td>Payment</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right"><div style="-sec-ix-hidden: hidden-fact-104">—</div></td><td style="text-align: left"> </td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">(29</td><td style="text-align: left">)</td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">Exchange adjustments</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"> </td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">6</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"> </td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"> </td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">8</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; "> <td style="padding-bottom: 4pt">As of 31/12/2025</td><td style="padding-bottom: 4pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: left"> </td><td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: right">151</td><td style="padding-bottom: 4pt; text-align: left"> </td><td style="padding-bottom: 4pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: left"> </td><td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: right">187</td><td style="padding-bottom: 4pt; text-align: left"> </td></tr> </table> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"> </p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in">The lease liabilities based on their maturity are as follows:</p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"> </p> <table cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse; border-spacing: 0px;"> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td style="text-align: center"> </td> <td> </td> <td colspan="6" style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>As of<br/> December 31,</b></span></td> <td> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td style="text-align: center"> </td> <td> </td> <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>2024</b></span></td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>2025</b></span></td> <td> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td style="text-align: center"> </td> <td> </td> <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>USD’000</b></span></td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>USD’000</b></span></td> <td> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Analyzed into:</span></td> <td> </td> <td colspan="2" style="text-align: right"> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td colspan="2" style="text-align: right"> </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF"> <td style="width: 78%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Within one year</span></td> <td style="width: 1%"> </td> <td style="width: 1%"> </td> <td style="width: 8%; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">17</span></td> <td style="width: 1%"> </td> <td style="width: 1%"> </td> <td style="width: 1%"> </td> <td style="width: 8%; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">19</span></td> <td style="width: 1%"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; "> <td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">In the second to fifth year, inclusive</span></td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">63</span></td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">56</span></td> <td> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF"> <td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Over fifth year</span></td> <td> </td> <td style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">116</span></td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">112</span></td> <td> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; "> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td style="border-bottom: black 4.5pt double"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: black 4.5pt double; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">196</span></td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td style="border-bottom: black 4.5pt double"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: black 4.5pt double; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">187</span></td> <td> </td></tr> </table> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"> </p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in">Leases include prepaid land lease and lease of properties. Prepaid land lease represents the cost of the rights of the use of the land in respect of leasehold land in the PRC, on which the Group’s buildings and tea garden are situated. The prepaid land lease’ terms are 26 to 30 years. The lease terms of properties are 5 to 10 years from inception.</p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in">Below shows the movements of Right-of-use assets and lease liabilities presented in the consolidated statements of financial position:</p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"> </p> <table cellpadding="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-spacing: 0px;"> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td style="text-align: center"> </td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">Right-of-use <br/> assets</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"> </td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">Lease <br/> liabilities</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td style="text-align: center"> </td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">USD’000</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"> </td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">USD’000</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="width: 76%">As of 1/1/2024</td><td style="width: 1%"> </td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"> </td><td style="width: 9%; text-align: right">186</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"> </td><td style="width: 1%"> </td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"> </td><td style="width: 9%; text-align: right">216</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; "> <td style="text-align: left">Depreciation expense</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">(17</td><td style="text-align: left">)</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right"><div style="-sec-ix-hidden: hidden-fact-99">—</div></td><td style="text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="text-align: left">Interest expense</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right"><div style="-sec-ix-hidden: hidden-fact-100">—</div></td><td style="text-align: left"> </td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">13</td><td style="text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; "> <td>Payment</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right"><div style="-sec-ix-hidden: hidden-fact-101">—</div></td><td style="text-align: left"> </td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">(28</td><td style="text-align: left">)</td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="text-align: left">Exchange adjustments</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">(5</td><td style="text-align: left">)</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">(5</td><td style="text-align: left">)</td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; "> <td> </td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right"> </td><td style="text-align: left"> </td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right"> </td><td style="text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td>As of 31/12/2024</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">164</td><td style="text-align: left"> </td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">196</td><td style="text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; "> <td style="text-align: left">Depreciation expense</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">(19</td><td style="text-align: left">)</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right"><div style="-sec-ix-hidden: hidden-fact-102">—</div></td><td style="text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="text-align: left">Interest expense</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right"><div style="-sec-ix-hidden: hidden-fact-103">—</div></td><td style="text-align: left"> </td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">12</td><td style="text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; "> <td>Payment</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right"><div style="-sec-ix-hidden: hidden-fact-104">—</div></td><td style="text-align: left"> </td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">(29</td><td style="text-align: left">)</td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">Exchange adjustments</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"> </td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">6</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"> </td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"> </td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">8</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; "> <td style="padding-bottom: 4pt">As of 31/12/2025</td><td style="padding-bottom: 4pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: left"> </td><td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: right">151</td><td style="padding-bottom: 4pt; text-align: left"> </td><td style="padding-bottom: 4pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: left"> </td><td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: right">187</td><td style="padding-bottom: 4pt; text-align: left"> </td></tr> </table> 186000 216000 17000 13000 28000 -5000 5000 164000 196000 19000 12000 29000 6000 -8000 151000 187000 <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in">The lease liabilities based on their maturity are as follows:</p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"> </p> <table cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse; border-spacing: 0px;"> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td style="text-align: center"> </td> <td> </td> <td colspan="6" style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>As of<br/> December 31,</b></span></td> <td> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td style="text-align: center"> </td> <td> </td> <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>2024</b></span></td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>2025</b></span></td> <td> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td style="text-align: center"> </td> <td> </td> <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>USD’000</b></span></td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>USD’000</b></span></td> <td> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Analyzed into:</span></td> <td> </td> <td colspan="2" style="text-align: right"> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td colspan="2" style="text-align: right"> </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF"> <td style="width: 78%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Within one year</span></td> <td style="width: 1%"> </td> <td style="width: 1%"> </td> <td style="width: 8%; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">17</span></td> <td style="width: 1%"> </td> <td style="width: 1%"> </td> <td style="width: 1%"> </td> <td style="width: 8%; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">19</span></td> <td style="width: 1%"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; "> <td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">In the second to fifth year, inclusive</span></td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">63</span></td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">56</span></td> <td> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF"> <td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Over fifth year</span></td> <td> </td> <td style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">116</span></td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">112</span></td> <td> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; "> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td style="border-bottom: black 4.5pt double"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: black 4.5pt double; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">196</span></td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td style="border-bottom: black 4.5pt double"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: black 4.5pt double; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">187</span></td> <td> </td></tr> </table> 17000 19000 63000 56000 116000 112000 196000 187000 P26Y P30Y P5Y P10Y <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt -0.25in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><b>14. Deferred tax assets</b></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"> </p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in">The followings presented the category of deferred tax assets recognized by the Group and movements thereon:</p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"> </p> <table cellpadding="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-spacing: 0px;"> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td style="text-align: center"> </td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">Tax losses</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"> </td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">Depreciation</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"> </td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">Others</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"> </td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">Total</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td style="text-align: center"> </td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">USD’000</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"> </td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">USD’000</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"> </td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">USD’000</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"> </td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">USD’000</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="width: 52%">As of 1/1/2024</td><td style="width: 1%"> </td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"> </td><td style="width: 9%; text-align: right">84</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"> </td><td style="width: 1%"> </td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"> </td><td style="width: 9%; text-align: right">358</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"> </td><td style="width: 1%"> </td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"> </td><td style="width: 9%; text-align: right">46</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"> </td><td style="width: 1%"> </td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"> </td><td style="width: 9%; text-align: right">488</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; "> <td style="text-align: left">Movement for the year</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right"><div style="-sec-ix-hidden: hidden-fact-105">—</div></td><td style="text-align: left"> </td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">172</td><td style="text-align: left"> </td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">(49</td><td style="text-align: left">)</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">123</td><td style="text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="text-align: left">Exchange adjustments</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">(2</td><td style="text-align: left">)</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">(13</td><td style="text-align: left">)</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right"><div style="-sec-ix-hidden: hidden-fact-106">—</div></td><td style="text-align: left"> </td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">(15</td><td style="text-align: left">)</td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; "> <td> </td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right"> </td><td style="text-align: left"> </td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right"> </td><td style="text-align: left"> </td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right"> </td><td style="text-align: left"> </td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right"> </td><td style="text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td>As of 31/12/2024</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">82</td><td style="text-align: left"> </td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">517</td><td style="text-align: left"> </td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">(3</td><td style="text-align: left">)</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">596</td><td style="text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; "> <td style="text-align: left">Movement for the year</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">(83</td><td style="text-align: left">)</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">190</td><td style="text-align: left"> </td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">6</td><td style="text-align: left"> </td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">113</td><td style="text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">Exchange adjustments</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"> </td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">1</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"> </td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"> </td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">28</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"> </td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"> </td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"><div style="-sec-ix-hidden: hidden-fact-107">—</div></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"> </td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"> </td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">29</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; "> <td style="padding-bottom: 4pt">As of 31/12/2025</td><td style="padding-bottom: 4pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: left"> </td><td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: right"><div style="-sec-ix-hidden: hidden-fact-108">—</div></td><td style="padding-bottom: 4pt; text-align: left"> </td><td style="padding-bottom: 4pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: left"> </td><td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: right">735</td><td style="padding-bottom: 4pt; text-align: left"> </td><td style="padding-bottom: 4pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: left"> </td><td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: right">3</td><td style="padding-bottom: 4pt; text-align: left"> </td><td style="padding-bottom: 4pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: left"> </td><td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: right">738</td><td style="padding-bottom: 4pt; text-align: left"> </td></tr> </table> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in">The followings presented the category of deferred tax assets recognized by the Group and movements thereon:</p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"> </p> <table cellpadding="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-spacing: 0px;"> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td style="text-align: center"> </td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">Tax losses</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"> </td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">Depreciation</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"> </td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">Others</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"> </td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">Total</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td style="text-align: center"> </td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">USD’000</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"> </td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">USD’000</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"> </td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">USD’000</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"> </td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">USD’000</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="width: 52%">As of 1/1/2024</td><td style="width: 1%"> </td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"> </td><td style="width: 9%; text-align: right">84</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"> </td><td style="width: 1%"> </td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"> </td><td style="width: 9%; text-align: right">358</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"> </td><td style="width: 1%"> </td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"> </td><td style="width: 9%; text-align: right">46</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"> </td><td style="width: 1%"> </td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"> </td><td style="width: 9%; text-align: right">488</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; "> <td style="text-align: left">Movement for the year</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right"><div style="-sec-ix-hidden: hidden-fact-105">—</div></td><td style="text-align: left"> </td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">172</td><td style="text-align: left"> </td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">(49</td><td style="text-align: left">)</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">123</td><td style="text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="text-align: left">Exchange adjustments</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">(2</td><td style="text-align: left">)</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">(13</td><td style="text-align: left">)</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right"><div style="-sec-ix-hidden: hidden-fact-106">—</div></td><td style="text-align: left"> </td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">(15</td><td style="text-align: left">)</td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; "> <td> </td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right"> </td><td style="text-align: left"> </td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right"> </td><td style="text-align: left"> </td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right"> </td><td style="text-align: left"> </td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right"> </td><td style="text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td>As of 31/12/2024</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">82</td><td style="text-align: left"> </td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">517</td><td style="text-align: left"> </td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">(3</td><td style="text-align: left">)</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">596</td><td style="text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; "> <td style="text-align: left">Movement for the year</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">(83</td><td style="text-align: left">)</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">190</td><td style="text-align: left"> </td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">6</td><td style="text-align: left"> </td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">113</td><td style="text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">Exchange adjustments</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"> </td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">1</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"> </td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"> </td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">28</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"> </td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"> </td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"><div style="-sec-ix-hidden: hidden-fact-107">—</div></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"> </td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"> </td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">29</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; "> <td style="padding-bottom: 4pt">As of 31/12/2025</td><td style="padding-bottom: 4pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: left"> </td><td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: right"><div style="-sec-ix-hidden: hidden-fact-108">—</div></td><td style="padding-bottom: 4pt; text-align: left"> </td><td style="padding-bottom: 4pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: left"> </td><td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: right">735</td><td style="padding-bottom: 4pt; text-align: left"> </td><td style="padding-bottom: 4pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: left"> </td><td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: right">3</td><td style="padding-bottom: 4pt; text-align: left"> </td><td style="padding-bottom: 4pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: left"> </td><td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: right">738</td><td style="padding-bottom: 4pt; text-align: left"> </td></tr> </table> 84000 358000 46000 488000 172000 -49000 123000 -2000 -13000 -15000 82000 517000 -3000 596000 -83000 190000 6000 113000 1000 28000 29000 735000 3000 738000 <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt -0.25in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><b>15. Trade payables</b></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt -0.25in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><b> </b></p> <table cellpadding="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-spacing: 0px;"> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td> </td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td colspan="6" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">As of<br/> December 31,</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td> </td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">2024</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"> </td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">2025</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td> </td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">USD’000</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"> </td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">USD’000</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="width: 76%; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 4pt">Trade payables</td><td style="width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4pt"> </td> <td style="width: 1%; border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: left"> </td><td style="width: 9%; border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: right">28</td><td style="width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4pt; text-align: left"> </td><td style="width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4pt"> </td> <td style="width: 1%; border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: left"> </td><td style="width: 9%; border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: right">12</td><td style="width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4pt; text-align: left"> </td></tr> </table> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"> </p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in">The trade payables are normally due for payment within 30 days.</p> <table cellpadding="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-spacing: 0px;"> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td> </td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td colspan="6" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">As of<br/> December 31,</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td> </td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">2024</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"> </td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">2025</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td> </td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">USD’000</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"> </td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">USD’000</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="width: 76%; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 4pt">Trade payables</td><td style="width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4pt"> </td> <td style="width: 1%; border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: left"> </td><td style="width: 9%; border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: right">28</td><td style="width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4pt; text-align: left"> </td><td style="width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4pt"> </td> <td style="width: 1%; border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: left"> </td><td style="width: 9%; border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: right">12</td><td style="width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4pt; text-align: left"> </td></tr> </table> 28000 12000 <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt -0.25in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><b>16. Accruals and other payables</b></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt -0.25in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><b> </b></p> <table cellpadding="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-spacing: 0px;"> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td style="text-align: center"> </td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td colspan="6" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">As of<br/> December 31,</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td style="text-align: center"> </td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">2024</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"> </td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">2025</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td style="text-align: center"> </td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">USD’000</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"> </td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">USD’000</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="width: 76%; text-align: left">Wages payables</td><td style="width: 1%"> </td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"> </td><td style="width: 9%; text-align: right">110</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"> </td><td style="width: 1%"> </td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"> </td><td style="width: 9%; text-align: right">154</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; "> <td style="text-align: left">Other payables and accruals</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">188</td><td style="text-align: left"> </td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">499</td><td style="text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="text-align: left">Deferred government grants</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">14</td><td style="text-align: left"> </td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right"><div style="-sec-ix-hidden: hidden-fact-109">—</div></td><td style="text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; "> <td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">Other tax payables</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"> </td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">45</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"> </td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"> </td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">(10</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left">)</td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="padding-bottom: 4pt"> </td><td style="padding-bottom: 4pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: left"> </td><td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: right">357</td><td style="padding-bottom: 4pt; text-align: left"> </td><td style="padding-bottom: 4pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: left"> </td><td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: right">643</td><td style="padding-bottom: 4pt; text-align: left"> </td></tr> </table> <table cellpadding="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-spacing: 0px;"> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td style="text-align: center"> </td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td colspan="6" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">As of<br/> December 31,</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td style="text-align: center"> </td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">2024</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"> </td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">2025</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td style="text-align: center"> </td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">USD’000</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"> </td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">USD’000</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="width: 76%; text-align: left">Wages payables</td><td style="width: 1%"> </td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"> </td><td style="width: 9%; text-align: right">110</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"> </td><td style="width: 1%"> </td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"> </td><td style="width: 9%; text-align: right">154</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; "> <td style="text-align: left">Other payables and accruals</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">188</td><td style="text-align: left"> </td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">499</td><td style="text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="text-align: left">Deferred government grants</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">14</td><td style="text-align: left"> </td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right"><div style="-sec-ix-hidden: hidden-fact-109">—</div></td><td style="text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; "> <td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">Other tax payables</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"> </td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">45</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"> </td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"> </td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">(10</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left">)</td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="padding-bottom: 4pt"> </td><td style="padding-bottom: 4pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: left"> </td><td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: right">357</td><td style="padding-bottom: 4pt; text-align: left"> </td><td style="padding-bottom: 4pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: left"> </td><td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: right">643</td><td style="padding-bottom: 4pt; text-align: left"> </td></tr> </table> 110000 154000 188000 499000 14000 45000 -10000 357000 643000 <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt -0.25in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><b>17. Amounts due to related parties</b></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt -0.25in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><b> </b></p> <table cellpadding="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-spacing: 0px;"> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td> </td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td colspan="6" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">As of <br/> December 31,</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td style="font-weight: bold; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">Name of related parties</td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">2024</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"> </td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">2025</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td> </td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">USD’000</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"> </td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">USD’000</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="width: 76%; text-align: left">Mr. CHUN SUN WONG</td><td style="width: 1%"> </td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"> </td><td style="width: 9%; text-align: right">586</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"> </td><td style="width: 1%"> </td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"> </td><td style="width: 9%; text-align: right">309</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; "> <td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">Mr. ZHUO WANG</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"> </td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">836</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"> </td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"> </td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">1,333</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="padding-bottom: 4pt"> </td><td style="padding-bottom: 4pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: left"> </td><td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: right">1,422</td><td style="padding-bottom: 4pt; text-align: left"> </td><td style="padding-bottom: 4pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: left"> </td><td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: right">1,642</td><td style="padding-bottom: 4pt; text-align: left"> </td></tr> </table> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"> </p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in">Mr. CHUN SUN WONG is the controlling shareholder of the Group. The amount due to him is unsecured, interest-free and repayable on demand.</p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"> </p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in">Mr. ZHUO WANG is a shareholder of the Group. The amount due to him is unsecured, interest-free and repayable on demand.</p> <table cellpadding="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-spacing: 0px;"> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td> </td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td colspan="6" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">As of <br/> December 31,</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td style="font-weight: bold; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">Name of related parties</td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">2024</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"> </td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">2025</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td> </td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">USD’000</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"> </td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">USD’000</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="width: 76%; text-align: left">Mr. CHUN SUN WONG</td><td style="width: 1%"> </td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"> </td><td style="width: 9%; text-align: right">586</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"> </td><td style="width: 1%"> </td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"> </td><td style="width: 9%; text-align: right">309</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; "> <td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">Mr. ZHUO WANG</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"> </td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">836</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"> </td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"> </td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">1,333</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="padding-bottom: 4pt"> </td><td style="padding-bottom: 4pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: left"> </td><td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: right">1,422</td><td style="padding-bottom: 4pt; text-align: left"> </td><td style="padding-bottom: 4pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: left"> </td><td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: right">1,642</td><td style="padding-bottom: 4pt; text-align: left"> </td></tr> </table> 586000 309000 836000 1333000 1422000 1642000 <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt -0.25in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><b>18. Short-term bank borrowings</b></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"> </p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in">In March 2023, the Company entered into a 12-month operating loan agreement with Industrial and Commercial Bank of China. The Company received a fund of RMB 1,000,000 (approximately $141,000) with an annual interest rate of 1-year loan prime rate plus 0.5%. The short-term bank borrowing was repaid in March 2024.</p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"> </p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in">In March 2025, the Group entered into a 12-month operating loan agreement with Agricultural Bank of China. The Company received a fund of RMB 1,000,000 (approximately US$143,000) with an annual interest rate of 1-year loan prime rate plus 0.15%. The loan is ultimately guaranteed by a director.</p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"> </p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in">The short-term bank borrowing is subject to the fulfillment of the following financial covenants at all time:</p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"> </p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in">- The borrower’s debt to assets ratio must not exceed 80%; and</p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"> </p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in">- The borrower must not report negative operating cash flows for the three years in the future.</p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"> </p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in">In the event of a breach of these covenants, the short-term bank borrowing may become repayable on demand. As of December 31, 2025, the Directors consider there is no significant adverse financial impacts notwithstanding the Group reported negative operating cash flows for the year ended December 31, 2025.</p> P12M 1000000000 141000000 P1Y 0.005 P12M 1000000000 143000000 P1Y 0.0015 0.80 <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt -0.25in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><b>19. Warrant liabilities</b></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt -0.25in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><b> </b></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in">On July 23, 2025, the Company completed a private placement with fifteen investors, issuing a total of 14,800,000 units at an offering price of $0.4681 per unit, for total gross proceeds of approximately $6.9 million (“Private Placement” or “Offering”). Each unit consists of one ordinary share of the Company, par value US$0.0008 per share, and one warrant (the “2025 Warrant(s)”).</p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"> </p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 14.2pt">The 2025 Warrants entitle the holders to purchase one ordinary share, par value US$0.0008 per share, at an exercise price of $0.4681 per share. Each 2025 Warrant was exercisable immediately on the date of issuance and expires five years from the date of issuance. Holders of 2025 Warrants could, at any time following the closing of the Offering and in their sole discretion, exercise their 2025 Warrants in whole or in part by means of a zero cash exercise price option, in which the holder received two times the number of ordinary share, par value US$0.0008 per share, that would be issuable upon a cash exercise of the warrant, without payment of additional consideration. In addition: (i) on the 5^th trading day following the closing of the Offering, the exercise price for the 2025 Warrants was reduced to 70% of the initial exercise price, or $0.3277 per share; (ii) on the 10^th trading day following the closing of the Offering, the exercise price was reduced to 50% of the initial exercise price, or $0.2341 per share; and (iii) upon each adjustment to the exercise price for the warrants, the number of issuable warrant shares was proportionately increased so that the nominal aggregate exercise price of the warrants will remain the same.</p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"> </p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="text-decoration:underline">Classification of 2025 Warrants as liabilities</span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"> </p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in">According to ASC 815-40-25, a financial instrument is classified as equity if it meets the following criteria: 1. Settlement in Issuer’s Own Shares: the instrument must be settled by delivering a fixed number of shares; and 2. Fixed-for-Fixed Rule: the instrument must have a fixed exercise price and entitles the holder to a fixed number of shares.</p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"> </p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in">2025 Warrants have the following key characteristics:</p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"> </p> <table cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; width: 100%; border-spacing: 0px;"><tr style="vertical-align: top; text-align: justify"> <td style="width: 0.25in"></td><td style="width: 0.25in; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">●</span></td><td style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Downward Adjustment Mechanism: The exercise price adjusts for future dilutive issuances.</span></td> </tr></table> <p style="margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <table cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; width: 100%; border-spacing: 0px;"><tr style="vertical-align: top; text-align: justify"> <td style="width: 0.25in"></td><td style="width: 0.25in; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">●</span></td><td style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Dilution of Units: The number of 2025 Warrants would increase due to the downward adjustment of the exercise price.</span></td> </tr></table> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"> </p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in">Therefore, 2025 Warrants likely fail to meet the fixed-for-fixed criterion under ASC 815-40 and should be classified as liabilities rather than equity. Additionally, 2025 Warrants with downward pricing adjustments linked to future events are treated as derivatives.</p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"> </p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="text-decoration:underline">Fair Value Measurements of Warrant Liabilities</span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt -0.25in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><b> </b></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in">2025 Warrants are classified as liabilities or derivatives and must be measured at fair value in accordance with ASC 815-10-45. The fair value measurement process involves the following steps:</p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 14.2pt"> </p> <table cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; width: 100%; border-spacing: 0px;"><tr style="vertical-align: top; text-align: justify"> <td style="width: 0.25in"></td><td style="width: 0.25in; text-align: left">1.</td><td style="text-align: justify">Initial Measurement: 2025 Warrants are measured at fair value at the time of issuance.</td> </tr></table> <p style="margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <table cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; width: 100%; border-spacing: 0px;"><tr style="vertical-align: top; text-align: justify"> <td style="width: 0.25in"></td><td style="width: 0.25in; text-align: left">2.</td><td style="text-align: justify">Subsequent Measurement: The fair value of 2025 Warrants is re-measured at each reporting date.</td> </tr></table> <p style="margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <table cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; width: 100%; border-spacing: 0px;"><tr style="vertical-align: top; text-align: justify"> <td style="width: 0.25in"></td><td style="width: 0.25in; text-align: left">3.</td><td style="text-align: justify">Changes in Fair Value: Any changes in fair value are recognized in profit or loss for the relevant period.</td> </tr></table> <p style="margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <table cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; width: 100%; border-spacing: 0px;"><tr style="vertical-align: top; text-align: justify"> <td style="width: 0.25in"></td><td style="width: 0.25in; text-align: left">4.</td><td style="text-align: justify">Derivative Impact: As derivatives, 2025 Warrants require ongoing fair value adjustments based on stock price changes and other relevant factors. This remeasurement process is essential for capturing the financial impact of the warrants’ reset and adjustment features.</td> </tr></table><p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0in; text-indent: 0.25in; text-align: justify">The Company uses Monte Carlo model to determine the fair value of the 2025 Warrants. The key inputs used in the model include:</p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 14.2pt; text-align: justify"> </p> <table cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; width: 100%; border-spacing: 0px;"><tr style="vertical-align: top; text-align: justify"> <td style="width: 0.25in"></td><td style="width: 0.25in; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">●</span></td><td style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Expected Volatility: 136.5% to 141.8%, based on the historical volatility of the Company’s closing stock price since inception.</span></td> </tr></table> <p style="margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <table cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; width: 100%; border-spacing: 0px;"><tr style="vertical-align: top; text-align: justify"> <td style="width: 0.25in"></td><td style="width: 0.25in; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">●</span></td><td style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Risk-Free Interest Rate: 3.77% to 3.96%</span></td> </tr></table> <p style="margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <table cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; width: 100%; border-spacing: 0px;"><tr style="vertical-align: top; text-align: justify"> <td style="width: 0.25in"></td><td style="width: 0.25in; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">●</span></td><td style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Dilution: 27.1% to 42.6%</span></td> </tr></table> <p style="margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <table cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; width: 100%; border-spacing: 0px;"><tr style="vertical-align: top; text-align: justify"> <td style="width: 0.25in"></td><td style="width: 0.25in; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">●</span></td><td style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Exercise Price: $0.4681 per share before the 5^th trading day following the closing of the Offering; $0.3277 per share from the 5^th to the 9^th trading day following the closing of the Offering, $0.2341 per share on and after the 10^th trading day following the closing of the Offering</span></td> </tr></table> <p style="margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <table cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; width: 100%; border-spacing: 0px;"><tr style="vertical-align: top; text-align: justify"> <td style="width: 0.25in"></td><td style="width: 0.25in; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">●</span></td><td style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Term: 5 years (60 months), reflecting the contractual life of the warrants.</span></td> </tr></table> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"> </p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 14.2pt; text-indent: 0in; text-align: justify">The following table provides a summary of the assessment of the 2025 Warrants:</p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"> </p> <table cellpadding="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-spacing: 0px;"> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: justify">Assessments</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center">Units</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"> </td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center">Fair value</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"> </td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center">Date/Period</td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: justify"> </td><td style="font-weight: bold"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center"> </td><td style="font-weight: bold"> </td><td style="font-weight: bold"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center">USD’000</td><td style="font-weight: bold"> </td><td style="font-weight: bold"> </td> <td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="width: 45%; text-align: justify">Initial – when issuing</td><td style="width: 1%"> </td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"> </td><td style="width: 9%; text-align: right">14,800,000</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"> </td><td style="width: 1%"> </td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"> </td><td style="width: 9%; text-align: right">5,561</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"> </td><td style="width: 1%"> </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center">July 23, 2025</td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; "> <td style="text-align: justify">Subsequent share price change</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">32,523,247</td><td style="text-align: left"> </td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">(1,673</td><td style="text-align: left">)</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: center">July 23, 2025 to August 8, 2025</td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="text-align: justify; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">Exercise of 2025 Warrants in full</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"> </td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">(47,323,247</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left">)</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"> </td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">(3,888</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left">)</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td style="text-align: center; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">July 23, 2025 to August 8, 2025</td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; "> <td style="text-align: justify; padding-bottom: 4pt">Balance at December 31, 2025</td><td style="padding-bottom: 4pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: left"> </td><td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: right"><div style="-sec-ix-hidden: hidden-fact-110">-</div></td><td style="padding-bottom: 4pt; text-align: left"> </td><td style="padding-bottom: 4pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: left"> </td><td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: right"><div style="-sec-ix-hidden: hidden-fact-111">-</div></td><td style="padding-bottom: 4pt; text-align: left"> </td><td style="padding-bottom: 4pt"> </td> <td style="text-align: center; padding-bottom: 4pt"> </td></tr> </table> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 14.2pt; text-align: justify"> </p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0in; text-indent: 0.25in; text-align: justify">The measurement of fair value of the 2025 Warrants relies on unobservable inputs and therefore is categorized as Level 3 measurement of fair value. The valuation of the 2025 Warrants resulted in a gain of US$1,673,000 for the year ended December 31, 2025, which was recognized in the consolidated statements of operations.</p> 14800000 0.4681 6900000 1 0.0008 1 1 0.0008 0.4681 0.0008 0.70 0.3277 0.50 0.2341 136.5 141.8 3.77 3.96 27.1 42.6 0.4681 0.3277 0.2341 5 <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 14.2pt; text-indent: 0in; text-align: justify">The following table provides a summary of the assessment of the 2025 Warrants:</p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"> </p> <table cellpadding="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-spacing: 0px;"> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: justify">Assessments</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center">Units</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"> </td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center">Fair value</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"> </td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center">Date/Period</td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: justify"> </td><td style="font-weight: bold"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center"> </td><td style="font-weight: bold"> </td><td style="font-weight: bold"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center">USD’000</td><td style="font-weight: bold"> </td><td style="font-weight: bold"> </td> <td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="width: 45%; text-align: justify">Initial – when issuing</td><td style="width: 1%"> </td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"> </td><td style="width: 9%; text-align: right">14,800,000</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"> </td><td style="width: 1%"> </td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"> </td><td style="width: 9%; text-align: right">5,561</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"> </td><td style="width: 1%"> </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center">July 23, 2025</td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; "> <td style="text-align: justify">Subsequent share price change</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">32,523,247</td><td style="text-align: left"> </td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">(1,673</td><td style="text-align: left">)</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: center">July 23, 2025 to August 8, 2025</td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="text-align: justify; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">Exercise of 2025 Warrants in full</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"> </td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">(47,323,247</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left">)</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"> </td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">(3,888</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left">)</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td style="text-align: center; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">July 23, 2025 to August 8, 2025</td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; "> <td style="text-align: justify; padding-bottom: 4pt">Balance at December 31, 2025</td><td style="padding-bottom: 4pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: left"> </td><td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: right"><div style="-sec-ix-hidden: hidden-fact-110">-</div></td><td style="padding-bottom: 4pt; text-align: left"> </td><td style="padding-bottom: 4pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: left"> </td><td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: right"><div style="-sec-ix-hidden: hidden-fact-111">-</div></td><td style="padding-bottom: 4pt; text-align: left"> </td><td style="padding-bottom: 4pt"> </td> <td style="text-align: center; padding-bottom: 4pt"> </td></tr> </table> 14800000 5561000 July 23, 2025 32523247 -1673000 July 23, 2025 to August 8, 2025 -47323247 -3888000 July 23, 2025 to August 8, 2025 1673000000 <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt -0.25in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><b>20. Share capital and reserves</b></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"> </p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="text-decoration:underline">Ordinary shares</span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"> </p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in">As of December 31, 2022, the Company’s had an authorized share capital of HK$380,000 divided into 38,000,000 authorized ordinary shares with a par value of HK$0.01 each, of which 100 ordinary shares were issued and fully paid with a par value of HK$0.01 per share.</p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"> </p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in">As per the resolution approved by the board of directors and by the members of the Company on January 10, 2023, the authorized share capital of the Company became US$100,000 divided into 100,000,000 shares with a par value of US$0.001 each.</p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"> </p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in">As part of the recapitalization process on January 10, 2023, the company issued a total of 9,599,900 ordinary shares to three co-founding shareholders, namely PLENTIFUL THRIVING LIMITED, AFFLUENT KIND LIMITED, and Deming Zhou. These shares were issued at a nominal consideration of US$0.001 per share.</p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"> </p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in">In accordance with ASC 260, the company has retroactively restated all shares and per share data for the periods presented, taking into consideration of the nominal issuance.</p><p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in">On January 10, 2023, the Company issued a total of 6,400,000 ordinary shares to three new investors, namely WZ GLOBAL (BVI) LIMITED, ECF (BVI) LIMITED and HKC GLOBAL (BVI) LIMITED of a par value of US$0.001 per share. These shares were issued at a consideration of US$0.5 per share resulting in a share premium of approximately US$3,194.000.</p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"> </p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in">On September 27, 2023, the Company subdivided each of the then issued and unissued ordinary shares of a par value of US$0.001 per ordinary share of the Company into 1.25 Ordinary Share of a par value of US$0.0008 per ordinary share of the Company, or the “Subdivision”. As a result of the Subdivision, the total of 16,000,000 issued and outstanding ordinary share of a par value of US$0.001 per ordinary share prior to the Subdivision became 20,000,000 issued and outstanding ordinary shares of a par value of US$0.0008 per ordinary share. Following the Subdivision, existing shareholders maintained their relative ownership interest percentage in the Company. The Subdivision also changed the par value of the ordinary shares from US$0.001 per ordinary share to US$0.0008 per ordinary share, and the authorized share capital of the Company changed from US$100,000 divided into 100,000,000 ordinary shares of a par value of US$0.001 per ordinary share to US$100,000 divided into 125,000,000 ordinary shares of a par value of US$0.0008 per ordinary share.</p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"> </p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in">In accordance with ASC 260, the company has retroactively restated all shares and per share data for the periods presented, taking into consideration of the Subdivision.</p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"> </p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in">On 17 October 2024, the Company completed the initial public offering (“IPO”) in the Nasdaq Stock Exchange (stock code: ORIS) by issuance of 1,750,000 shares at an offering price of US$4.00 per share, with gross proceeds of US$7,000,000. Under the Underwriting Agreement, the underwriters had the option to purchase up to 262,500 additional Ordinary Shares (the “Over-allotment Shares”) pursuant to the “Over-allotment Option” as described in the Underwriting Agreement. By letter dated October 21, 2024, the underwriters exercised their option to purchase all of the available Over-allotment Shares. The purchase and sale of the Over-allotment Shares was closed on October 23, 2024, resulting in $1,050,000 in additional gross proceeds from the IPO.</p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"> </p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in">On July 23, 2025, the Company completed the Private Placement, wherein a total of 14,800,000 units were issued at an offering price of $0.4681 per unit, for a total purchase price of approximately $6.9 million. Each unit includes one Ordinary Share and one 2025 Warrant. The 2025 Warrants are immediately exercisable on the date of issuance, expires five years after date of issuance, and have certain downward pricing adjustment mechanisms, including resets on Reset Dates.</p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"> </p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in">The Company received net cash proceeds of approximately $6.3 million (after deducting the placement agent fee and expenses of the Offering).</p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"> </p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in">From July 23, 2025 to August 8, 2025, the investors fully exercised their 2025 Warrants, resulting in the issuance of a total of 47,323,247 Ordinary Shares by the Company. Of the total 2025 Warrants exercised, 3,525,006 units were determined by the initial exercise price of $0.4681, 4,257,603 units were determined by the first reset price of $0.3277 and 7,017,391 units were determined by the second reset price of 0.2341.</p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"> </p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in">On September 21, 2025, an extraordinary general meeting of the shareholders was held and approved a reverse split of the Company’s ordinary shares and Founder Preferred Shares at a ratio of one (1) share for every twenty (20) shares held. Such reverse split became effective on December 30, 2025.</p><p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in"><span style="text-decoration:underline">Preferred shares</span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"> </p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in">On September 21, 2025, an extraordinary general meeting of the shareholders was held and approved the designation of 2,500,000 authorized but unissued shares of par value US$0.0008 each of the Company as Founder Preferred Shares, par value US$0.0008 (the “Founder Preferred Shares”). The Founder Preferred Shares were issued to Plentiful Thriving (BVI) Limited, a company 100% owned by Mr. CHUN SUN WONG, the Company’s controlling shareholder. The Founder Preferred Shares have the right to cast one thousand votes per share and are non-convertible, non-redeemable, and non-transferable, and carry no other rights, preferences, or privileges.</p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"> </p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in">Following the reverse split became effective on December 30, 2025, there were 125,000 shares Founders Preferred Shares outstanding.</p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"> </p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in"><span style="text-decoration:underline">Other reserves</span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"> </p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in">Other reserves as presented in the consolidated statements of financial position represent the sum of merger reserve, capital reserve and statutory reserve as disclosed in the consolidated statement of changes in equity.</p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><i> </i></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><i>Merger reserve</i></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"> </p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in">The merger reserve represents the difference between the nominal value of the share capital of the subsidiaries acquired as a result of the reorganization and the nominal value of the share capital of the Company issued in exchange thereof.</p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><i> </i></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><i>Capital reserve</i></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"> </p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in">Capital reserve represents the capital contribution by Mr. CHUN SUN WONG , the controlling shareholder of the Company, to a subsidiary without allotting and issuing new shares.</p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><i> </i></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><i>Statutory reserve</i></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"> </p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in">In accordance with the PRC Company Law, the PRC subsidiary of the Group is required to allocate 10% of its profit after tax to the statutory surplus reserve (the “SSR’’) until such reserve reaches 50% of the registered capital of the PRC subsidiary. Subject to certain restrictions set out in the PRC Company Law, part of the SSR may be converted to increase paid-up capital/issued capital of the PRC subsidiary, provided that the remaining balance after the capitalization is not less than 25% of the registered capital. All non-PRC subsidiaries are not required to make appropriation for statutory reserve.</p> 380000000 38000000 0.01 100 0.01 100000000 100000000 0.001 9599900 0.001 6400000 0.001 0.5 3194000 0.001 1.25 0.0008 16000000 16000000 20000000 20000000 0.0008 0.001 0.0008 100000000 100000000 100000000 125000000 1750000 4 7000000000 262500 1050000000 14800000 0.4681 6900000 1 1 P5Y 6300000 47323247 3525006 0.4681 4257603 0.3277 7017391 0.2341 2500000 0.0008 0.0008 1 one 125000 0.10 0.50 0.25 <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt -0.25in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><b>21. Employee retirement benefits</b></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"> </p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in">The employees of the Group in the PRC are members of a state-managed pension obligations operated by the PRC Government. The Group is required to contribute a specified percentage of payroll costs as determined by respective local government authority to the pension obligations to fund the benefits. The only obligation of the Group with respect to the retirement benefits scheme is to make the specified contributions under the scheme.</p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt -0.25in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><b>22. Banking facilities</b></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"> </p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in">As of December 31, 2025, total banking facilities available to the Group amounting to US$ 143,000 are secured by a guarantee from a director of the Company.</p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"> </p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in">As of December 31, 2025, the Group had utilized the facilities in the amount of approximately US$143,000.</p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"> </p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in">During the year ended December 31, 2024, the Group repaid all bank loans and cancelled all the banking facilities. Therefore, there was no banking facilities available to the Group as of December 31, 2024.</p> 143000000 143000000 <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt -0.25in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><b>23. Dividends</b></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"> </p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: hidden-fact-112"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: hidden-fact-113"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: hidden-fact-114">No</span></span></span> dividend has been paid or declared by the Company for the years ended December 31, 2023, 2024 and 2025.</p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt -0.25in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><b>24. Capital commitments</b></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt -0.25in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><b> </b></p> <table cellpadding="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-spacing: 0px;"> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td style="text-align: center"> </td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td colspan="6" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">As of <br/> December 31,</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td style="text-align: center"> </td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">2024</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"> </td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">2025</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td style="text-align: center"> </td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">USD’000</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"> </td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">USD’000</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td>Capital expenditure in respect of acquisition of the contractual management rights:</td><td> </td> <td colspan="2" style="text-align: right"> </td><td> </td><td> </td> <td colspan="2" style="text-align: right"> </td><td> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="width: 76%; text-align: left; text-indent: -9pt; padding-left: 9pt">Total contract sum</td><td style="width: 1%"> </td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"> </td><td style="width: 9%; text-align: right">25,892</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"> </td><td style="width: 1%"> </td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"> </td><td style="width: 9%; text-align: right">26,935</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; "> <td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-indent: -9pt; padding-left: 9pt">Less: Amounts paid and recognized as cost of property, plant and equipment</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"> </td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">(11,565</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left">)</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"> </td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">(12,031</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left">)</td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="text-align: left; text-indent: -9pt; padding-left: 9pt">Contracted for but not provided in the Consolidated Financial Statement</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">14,327</td><td style="text-align: left"> </td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">14,904</td><td style="text-align: left"> </td></tr> </table> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"> </p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in">On February 17, 2023, the Group entered into a supplementary agreement with the village committee of Changguan Village, acquiring a tea garden encompassing <span style="-sec-ix-hidden: hidden-fact-115">1,014mu</span> (approximately 676,000 square meters). This was followed by another supplementary agreement with the village committee of Shakengli Village, acquiring an additional tea garden spanning <span style="-sec-ix-hidden: hidden-fact-116">800mu</span> (approximately 533,334 square meters). As per the Company, the contractual management rights for the remaining related land lots will be progressively transferred in 2026.</p> <table cellpadding="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-spacing: 0px;"> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td style="text-align: center"> </td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td colspan="6" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">As of <br/> December 31,</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td style="text-align: center"> </td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">2024</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"> </td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">2025</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td style="text-align: center"> </td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">USD’000</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"> </td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">USD’000</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td>Capital expenditure in respect of acquisition of the contractual management rights:</td><td> </td> <td colspan="2" style="text-align: right"> </td><td> </td><td> </td> <td colspan="2" style="text-align: right"> </td><td> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="width: 76%; text-align: left; text-indent: -9pt; padding-left: 9pt">Total contract sum</td><td style="width: 1%"> </td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"> </td><td style="width: 9%; text-align: right">25,892</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"> </td><td style="width: 1%"> </td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"> </td><td style="width: 9%; text-align: right">26,935</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; "> <td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-indent: -9pt; padding-left: 9pt">Less: Amounts paid and recognized as cost of property, plant and equipment</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"> </td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">(11,565</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left">)</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"> </td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">(12,031</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left">)</td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="text-align: left; text-indent: -9pt; padding-left: 9pt">Contracted for but not provided in the Consolidated Financial Statement</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">14,327</td><td style="text-align: left"> </td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">14,904</td><td style="text-align: left"> </td></tr> </table> 25892000 26935000 11565000 12031000 14327000 14904000 676000 533334 <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt -0.25in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><b>25. Contingent liabilities</b></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"> </p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in">As of December 31, 2024 and 2025, the Group did <span style="-sec-ix-hidden: hidden-fact-117"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: hidden-fact-118">not</span></span> have any significant contingent liabilities.</p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt -0.25in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><b>26. Events after the reporting period</b></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"> </p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in">These consolidated financial statements were approved by management and available for issuance on April 30, 2026.</p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"> </p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in">On January 13, 2026, a total of 850,000 ordinary shares were issued to certain key employees of the Company at par value of $0.016 per share as compensation for services.</p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"> </p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in">On February 14, 2026, an extraordinary general meeting of the shareholders was held and approved increase of authorized share capital from US$100,000 divided into 6,250,000 shares of a nominal or par value of US$0.016 each to US$5,000,000 divided into 312,500,000 shares of a nominal or par value of US$0.016 each, among which 125,000 shares remain designated as Founders Preferred Shares.</p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"> </p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in">On April 7, 2026, an extraordinary general meeting of the shareholders was held and approved increase of authorized share capital from US$5,000,000 divided into 312,500,000 shares of a nominal or par value of US$0.016 each to US$5,000,000 divided into 500,000,000 shares of a nominal or par value of US$ 0.00001 each, among which 125,000 shares remain designated as Founders Preferred Shares.</p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"> </p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in">The Company received a staff determination letter (the “Determination Letter”) from the Listing Qualifications Department of the Nasdaq Stock Market LLC (“Nasdaq”) on April 15, 2026. According to the Determination Letter, Nasdaq determined that the bid price of the Company’s listed securities had closed at less than $1.00 per share for 30 consecutive business days from March 2, 2026 through April 14, 2026 and, as a result, the Company did not comply with Nasdaq Listing Rule 5550(a)(2) (the “Rule”). Nasdaq stated in the Determination Letter that, because the Company effected a 1-for-20 reverse stock split on December 30, 2025, the Company is not eligible for the 180-calendar day period to demonstrate compliance with the Rule. Accordingly the Determination Letter served as a notice to the Company that Nasdaq had determined that the Company’s securities would be scheduled for delisting from the Nasdaq Capital Market and would be suspended at the opening of business on April 24, 2026, unless the Company requested an appeal of the Determination by April 22, 2026.</p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"> </p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in">The Company requested a hearing with Nasdaq to appeal on April 21, 2026. To the extent permitted by Nasdaq Listing Rules, the delisting action had been stayed, pending a final written decision by Nasdaq Hearings Panel. The hearing is scheduled on May 19, 2026. In the opinion of the management of the Company, the Company intended to regain compliance with the Rule by effecting a reverse stock split or other measures, where appropriate, The management of the Company considers the disclosure related to this matter is made up-to-date as at the reporting date.</p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"> </p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in">Apart from the events as disclosed elsewhere in the consolidated financial statements, the Group did not have any other material events after the reporting period.</p> 850000 0.016 100000000 6250000 0.016 5000000000 312500000 0.016 125000 5000000000 312500000 0.016 5000000000 500000000 0.00001 125000 1 P30D 4206788 http://fasb.org/srt/2025#ChiefOperatingOfficerMember 1091000000 1091000000 1172000000 1014 800 0001964664 false FY On December 30, 2025, the Company implemented a one-for-twenty reverse stock split of the Company’s authorized, issued and outstanding ordinary shares, including the Founders Preferred Shares. All references to number of shares, and to per share information in the consolidated financial statements have been retroactively adjusted. Giving retroactive effect to the issuance of shares at nominal consideration effected on January 10, 2023 (Note 20). On December 30, 2025, the Company implemented a one-for-twenty reverse stock split of the Company’s authorized, issued and outstanding ordinary shares, including Founder Preferred Shares. All references to number of shares, and to per share information in the consolidated financial statements have been retroactively adjusted (Note 20). Giving retroactive effect to the subdivision of shares effected on September 27, 2023 (Note 20). The English names of these companies represent the best effort made by the directors of the Company to translate the Chinese names as these companies have not been registered with any official English names.